Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
批准号:
9357658
负责人:
Jonas C Peters
金额:
$32.63万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2005
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2005-02-01 至 2020-08-31
关键词:
AcidsActive SitesAddressBioavailableBiochemicalBiologicalBiological ModelsBiologyBiomimeticsCatalysisChemicalsChemistryCommunitiesComplexComputer SimulationCoupledCyanidesDataDissociationDistalElectron TransportEnvironmentEnzymesFertilizersFreezingGenerationsGeometryGoalsGrantHybridsHydrogen BondingIndustrializationIronKineticsKnowledgeLifeLigandsMeasurementMeasuresMediatingMetalsMethodsModelingMolecular WeightMolybdoferredoxinNitrogenNitrogen FixationNitrogenaseNuclearPathway interactionsPatternPhysiologic pulsePlayProcessProtonsReducing AgentsResearchResearch PersonnelResearch SupportRestRoentgen RaysRoleSchemeSiteSolventsSpectrum AnalysisStressStructureStudy modelsSulfurSumSystemTechnologyTemperatureTestingTheoretical modelTransition ElementsUnited States National Institutes of HealthWorkabsorptioncatalystcofactorcold temperaturedensitydesignelectronic structurefascinateimprovedmetalloenzymenew technologypressureprogramsrapid techniquesample fixationscaffoldspectroscopic dataspectroscopic surveytheoriesvibration
中文摘要
项目摘要:-功能材料LnFe-NxHy使用生物材料N_2和固定材料的模型。
固氮酶(N2ase)是一种重要的金属酶,可以调节生物固氮过程,是生命所必需的。
因此,固氮酶的最新研究成果在生物科学和化学研究社区中引起了人们的密切关注。
尽管如此,通过使用固氮酶和酶来促进氮的有效生物还原是一种有效的机制。
在环境条件下,这仍然是一个令人着迷的问题,也是一个悬而未决的问题。这是我们研究团队的一个更广泛的目标。
通过建立一个单一的铁催化剂来评价其在合成燃料中的催化还原氮气的作用机理。
生物系统的模型,以及生物生物学的研究。我们提出的新计划是为了设计和研究仿生生物铁
NxHy的模型和综合体需要解决这一目标。我们的新的试验性方法强调的是功能上的,而不是功能上的。
在结构上,它们是铁的忠实典范-钼辅因子(FeMoco)。低分子量铁-NxHy。
将继续开发这些综合体,以便在它们可能容纳的低空坐标和几何形状中勘探铁矿遗址。
NxHy和其他NxHy的功能。我们假设这些几何结构与NFe-NxHy和中间体的功能相关。
以FeMoco为例,提出了Fe-介导的生物催化--O2还原的两种模式,以及两种限制-单部位还原的模式。
并强调了机制。首先是一种新的交替机制,即连续的H-原子转移(通过)。
H+/e-步骤)发生在Fe-N≡N亚基的最远端和最近端,以一种交替的方式(例如,-Fe-)发生。
N=NH(→)Fe-NH=NH(→)Fe-NH-NH→(Fe-NH-NH_2(→)(Fe-NH_2+NH_3)。
在完成H-原子转移之前,在最远端的--N--原子转移之前,要释放出一种相当于NH3的原子转移。
近端的N-原子原子(例如,Fe-N_2+→+Fe-N_2+N_3)。我们还将探索一种全新的混合动力机制,这是第一次。
调用一个最远端的中间产物(Fe=NNH2),然后再与之交叉,以在此之前生成一个交替的中间产物(Fe-N2H4)。
发布首个相当于NH3的合成氨。我们将继续使用合成氨模型和络合物来测试这些化合物的每一种的可行性。
通过机械化的途径,我们可以更好地了解铁粉的无核性、局部几何形状、几何结构和电子结构
NxHy的物种需要控制它们的相对稳定性和反应性模式。这些知识将被广泛应用于研究。
通过光谱学、电化学法、电子显微镜和理论分析等方法进行研究,这是第一批单部位铁的例子之一。
用于氮气-氨气转化的催化剂,我们在前一次拨款期间发现了这一点,并朝着更好的设计目标迈进。
新的氮气-固定催化剂具有更高的催化效率。无论是否有更精确的催化机理用于氮减排。
在此次FeMoco大会上,其最终的解决方案将不需要对从辅助因子到相关元素的光谱数据进行比较。
我们已经为一个定义良好的模型和综合体获得了数据。因此,我们将继续与其他研究人员密切合作。
该机构专门从事FeMoco项目的光谱分析研究,以进行此类比较,并与其他调查人员进行合作。
专业知识与我们自己的能力相辅相成。总而言之,我们提出的第一个功能模型Fe-NxHy的化学模型将不会继续。
为了在目前的生物化学、光谱学、生物化学模型和理论模型研究的基础上发挥关键的作用,我们将针对这些问题进行研究。
解开生物固氮的化学作用机制。
英文摘要
Project Summary -‐‑ Functional LnFe-‐‑NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
Nitrogenase (N2ase) is a metalloenzyme that mediates biological nitrogen fixation and is essential to life. As
such, the study of nitrogenase attracts intense scrutiny among the biology and chemistry communities.
Nonetheless, the mechanism by which nitrogenase enzymes promote the biological reduction of nitrogen
under ambient conditions remains a fascinating and unsolved problem. The broad goal of our research is to
evaluate the mechanisms by which a single iron site is able to mediate catalytic N2 reduction in synthetic
model systems and, by extension, in biology. The proposed program is to design and study biomimetic Fe-‐‑
NxHy model complexes to address this goal. Our experimental approach stresses functionally, rather than
structurally, faithful models of the iron-‐‑molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco). Low molecular weight Fe-‐‑NxHy
complexes will be developed to explore iron sites in low coordinate geometries that may accommodate
dinitrogen and other NxHy functionalities. We posit these geometries as relevant to Fe-‐‑NxHy intermediates of
the FeMoco. By analogy to the modes of Fe-‐‑mediated biocatalytic O2 reduction, two limiting single-‐‑site
mechanisms are emphasized. The first is an alternating mechanism, where successive H-‐‑atom transfers (via
H+/e-‐‑ steps) occur at the distal and proximal N-‐‑atoms of the Fe-‐‑N≡N subunit in an alternating fashion (e.g., Fe-‐‑
N=NH → Fe-‐‑NH=NH → Fe-‐‑NH-‐‑NH2→ Fe-‐‑NH2-‐‑NH2 → Fe-‐‑NH2 + NH3). The second is a distal mechanism,
where complete H-‐‑atom transfer at the distal N-‐‑atom to liberate an NH3 equivalent precedes transfers to the
proximal N-‐‑atom (e.g., Fe-‐‑N2 + 3 e-‐‑ + 3 H+ → Fe≡N + NH3). We also explore a new hybrid mechanism that first
invokes a distal intermediate (Fe=NNH2) that then crosses to an alternating intermediate (Fe-‐‑N2H4) before
releasing the first NH3 equivalent. We will use synthetic model complexes to test the viability of each of these
mechanistic pathways, and to understand how the nuclearity, local geometry, and electronic structure of Fe-‐‑
NxHy species control their relative stabilities and reactivity patterns. This knowledge will be applied to the
study, via spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods, of the first examples of single-‐‑site iron
catalysts for N2-‐‑to-‐‑NH3 conversion that we discovered in the previous grant period, and towards the design of
new N2-‐‑fixing catalysts with enhanced efficiency. Regardless of the precise mechanism for nitrogen reduction
at the FeMoco, its ultimate solution will require comparison of spectroscopic data from the cofactor to related
data obtained for well-‐‑defined model complexes. We will therefore continue to collaborate with researchers
that specialize in spectroscopic studies of the FeMoco to make such comparisons, and other investigators with
expertise complementary to our own. In sum, the functional Fe-‐‑NxHy model chemistry proposed will continue
to play a critical role alongside current biochemical, spectroscopic, and theoretical model studies aimed at
unraveling the chemical mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation.
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Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7536221
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.29万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Jonas C Peters
-
依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8113712
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$22.94万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10463720
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.74万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Jonas C Peters
-
依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8239324
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.37万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:9239394
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$32.63万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
-
依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:6865169
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.59万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8600286
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.37万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7343267
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$27.7万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
-
依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8423702
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$26.41万
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财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10238858
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.74万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8787116
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.48万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10678986
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.74万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7578340
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$3.51万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7175405
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.47万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8776207
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$5.14万
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财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7013220
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.34万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
海外基金