Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
批准号:
9239394
负责人:
Jonas C Peters
金额:
$32.63万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2005
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2005-02-01 至 2020-08-31
关键词:
AcidsActive SitesAddressBioavailableBiochemicalBiologicalBiological ModelsBiologyBiomimeticsCatalysisChemicalsChemistryCommunitiesComplexComputer SimulationCoupledCyanidesDataDissociationDistalElectron TransportEnvironmentEnzymesFertilizersFreezingGenerationsGeometryGoalsGrantHybridsHydrogen BondingIronKineticsKnowledgeLifeLigandsMeasurementMeasuresMediatingMetalsMethodsModelingMolecular WeightMolybdoferredoxinN.I.H. Research SupportNitrogenNitrogen FixationNitrogenasePathway interactionsPatternPhysiologic pulsePlayProcessProtonsReducing AgentsResearchResearch DesignResearch PersonnelRestRoentgen RaysRoleSchemeSiteSolventsSpectrum AnalysisStagingStressStructureSulfurSumTechnologyTemperatureTestingTheoretical modelTransition ElementsWorkabsorptioncatalystcofactorcold temperaturedensitydesignelectronic structurefascinateimprovedmetalloenzymenew technologypressureprogramsrapid techniquesample fixationscaffoldspectroscopic imagingspectroscopic surveytheories
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Project Summary -‐‑ Functional LnFe-‐‑NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
Nitrogenase (N2ase) is a metalloenzyme that mediates biological nitrogen fixation and is essential to life. As
such, the study of nitrogenase attracts intense scrutiny among the biology and chemistry communities.
Nonetheless, the mechanism by which nitrogenase enzymes promote the biological reduction of nitrogen
under ambient conditions remains a fascinating and unsolved problem. The broad goal of our research is to
evaluate the mechanisms by which a single iron site is able to mediate catalytic N2 reduction in synthetic
model systems and, by extension, in biology. The proposed program is to design and study biomimetic Fe-‐‑
NxHy model complexes to address this goal. Our experimental approach stresses functionally, rather than
structurally, faithful models of the iron-‐‑molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco). Low molecular weight Fe-‐‑NxHy
complexes will be developed to explore iron sites in low coordinate geometries that may accommodate
dinitrogen and other NxHy functionalities. We posit these geometries as relevant to Fe-‐‑NxHy intermediates of
the FeMoco. By analogy to the modes of Fe-‐‑mediated biocatalytic O2 reduction, two limiting single-‐‑site
mechanisms are emphasized. The first is an alternating mechanism, where successive H-‐‑atom transfers (via
H+/e-‐‑ steps) occur at the distal and proximal N-‐‑atoms of the Fe-‐‑N≡N subunit in an alternating fashion (e.g., Fe-‐‑
N=NH → Fe-‐‑NH=NH → Fe-‐‑NH-‐‑NH2→ Fe-‐‑NH2-‐‑NH2 → Fe-‐‑NH2 + NH3). The second is a distal mechanism,
where complete H-‐‑atom transfer at the distal N-‐‑atom to liberate an NH3 equivalent precedes transfers to the
proximal N-‐‑atom (e.g., Fe-‐‑N2 + 3 e-‐‑ + 3 H+ → Fe≡N + NH3). We also explore a new hybrid mechanism that first
invokes a distal intermediate (Fe=NNH2) that then crosses to an alternating intermediate (Fe-‐‑N2H4) before
releasing the first NH3 equivalent. We will use synthetic model complexes to test the viability of each of these
mechanistic pathways, and to understand how the nuclearity, local geometry, and electronic structure of Fe-‐‑
NxHy species control their relative stabilities and reactivity patterns. This knowledge will be applied to the
study, via spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods, of the first examples of single-‐‑site iron
catalysts for N2-‐‑to-‐‑NH3 conversion that we discovered in the previous grant period, and towards the design of
new N2-‐‑fixing catalysts with enhanced efficiency. Regardless of the precise mechanism for nitrogen reduction
at the FeMoco, its ultimate solution will require comparison of spectroscopic data from the cofactor to related
data obtained for well-‐‑defined model complexes. We will therefore continue to collaborate with researchers
that specialize in spectroscopic studies of the FeMoco to make such comparisons, and other investigators with
expertise complementary to our own. In sum, the functional Fe-‐‑NxHy model chemistry proposed will continue
to play a critical role alongside current biochemical, spectroscopic, and theoretical model studies aimed at
unraveling the chemical mechanism of biological nitrogen fixation.
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Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7536221
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.29万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8113712
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$22.94万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10463720
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$32.74万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8239324
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.37万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:6865169
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.59万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7343267
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.7万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8600286
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$27.37万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8423702
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$26.41万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:9357658
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$32.63万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10238858
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$32.74万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8787116
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.48万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:10678986
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.74万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7578340
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$3.51万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7175405
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$0.47万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-NxHy Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:8776207
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$5.14万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
Functional LnFe-Nx Models of Biological N2 Fixation
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批准号:7013220
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.34万
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财政年份:2005
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负责人:Jonas C Peters
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依托单位:
海外基金