Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Contributions to Vowel Acoustic Changes: Towards a Mechanistic Model of Intelligibility Loss and Recovery in Dysarthria

舌头和下巴对元音声学变化的特定贡献：构音障碍的可懂度丧失和恢复的机制模型

• 批准号: 9304990
• 负责人: Antje Mefferd
• 金额: $ 15.8万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9304990
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Articulators; Behavior Therapy; Classification; Clinical; Communication impairment; Cueing for speech; Disease; Dysarthria; Effectiveness; Electromagnetics; Etiology; Formulation; Future; Goals; Guidelines; Impairment; Jaw; Knowledge; Link; Lip structure; Literature; Loudness; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Movement; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Neurologic; Parkinson Disease; Pattern; Performance; Production; Public Health; Recovery; Research; Research Proposals; Selection for Treatments; Severities; Shapes; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Speech Intelligibility; Speech Sound; Stroke; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Therapy trial; Time; Tongue; Traumatic Brain Injury; United States National Institutes of Health; base; clear speech; clinical practice; deviant; improved; innovation; insight; jaw movement; response; treatment strategy; virtual

7. Project Summary/Abstract Although it is well-known that articulators are often differentially impaired in talkers with dysarthria, the articulator-specific contributions to speech intelligibility loss are poorly understood. Particularly knowledge about tongue- and jaw-specific contributions to vowel acoustic contrast, a strong speech acoustic predictor of intelligibility change in dysarthria, is still lacking. This knowledge is critically needed to identify the articulator that contributes most to speech intelligibility loss and needs to be targeted in treatment. Speech modifications (loud, clear, slow speech), which are known to elicit articulator-specific changes in typical talkers, are commonly used in therapeutic interventions to improve speech intelligibility in talkers with dysarthria. However, because specific guidelines for the selection of a specific speech modification are generally lacking, treatment decisions are often based on the talker's response to trial therapy. Knowledge about the articulator-specific mechanisms underlying improved vowel acoustics in response to loud, slow, and clear speech in talkers with dysarthria would provide the required scientific understanding to strategically select the speech modification approach that can precisely target the articulator that is most detrimental to speech intelligibility. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to establish a mechanistic model of speech intelligibility loss and recovery that addresses articulator-specific contributions to speech acoustic and, ultimately, speech intelligibility changes in talkers with dysarthria. As a logical first step, the objective of this research proposal is to identify the tongue- and jaw-specific contribution to changes in acoustic vowel contrast in talkers with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). These two clinical groups are particularly well-suited because some literature about disease- and speech modification-related articulatory and speech acoustic changes has already been established and allow the formulation of theoretically-driven research hypotheses. Based on these studies, the central hypothesis is tested that disease- and cued speech modification-related changes in tongue and jaw articulatory performance and their contributions to vowel acoustic contrast will differ between these two groups. 3D electromagnetic articulography will be used to directly record tongue and jaw displacements during diphthong productions embedded in sentence utterances. Vowel acoustic analyses will examine the speech acoustic consequences of tongue and jaw displacements. This proposal is highly innovative because it directly compares the articulator-specific mechanisms of three frequently used behavioral treatment approaches for dysarthria in two clinical groups with distinctly different articulatory impairment profiles [tongue-dominant (ALS), jaw-dominant (PD) articulatory impairment types]. Such insights can be used in the future to identify articulator-specific impairment types in more heterogeneous etiologies (TBI, stroke) to aid clinical decisions. New findings therefore have the potential to transform clinical practice by providing a basis for scientifically-guided treatment selection, not only for ALS and PD, but also for many other etiologies.

7。项目摘要/摘要 尽管众所周知，在与构造障碍的谈话者中，枢纽往往会受到差异性障碍， 对语音可理解性损失的特定于枢纽的贡献知之甚少。特别是知识 关于对元音对比的舌头和下巴特异性贡献 构音障碍的可理解性变化仍然缺乏。这些知识是迫切需要的 这对语音清晰度丧失做出了最大的贡献，需要针对治疗。语音修改 （大声，清晰，缓慢的言语）已知会引起典型说话者的特定于枢纽的变化，这是 通常用于治疗干预措施，以提高构造障碍的说话者的语音清晰度。然而， 由于通常缺乏选择特定语音修改的特定准则，因此 决策通常基于说话者对试验疗法的反应。关于特定于枢纽的知识 响应与响亮，缓慢和清晰的言语的说话者在与之相关的机制中的机制改善了元音声学 构造障碍将提供所需的科学理解，以战略性地选择语音修改 可以精确针对言语清晰度的铰接器的方法。因此， 这项研究的长期目标是建立语音清晰度丧失和恢复的机械模型 这涉及对语音声学的特定于枢纽的贡献，最终是语音清晰度的 与构造障碍的说话者的变化。作为逻辑上的第一步，该研究建议的目的是确定 肌萎缩症的说话者对声学元音对比的变化的舌头和下巴特异性贡献 横向硬化症（ALS）和帕金森氏病（PD）。这两个临床组特别适合 因为一些有关疾病和语音修饰有关的阐述和语音声学的文献 已经建立了变化，并允许制定理论驱动的研究假设。 基于这些研究，测试了中央假设，即疾病和提示的语音修饰有关 舌头和下颚的旋转性能的变化及其对元音对比的贡献将有所不同 在这两组之间。 3D电磁关节摄影将用于直接记录舌头和下巴 Diphthong Productions期间的位移嵌入了句子说话中。元音声学分析将 检查舌头和下颌位移的言语声音后果。该提议很高 创新性，因为它直接比较了三种经常使用的行为的特定于枢纽的机制 两个临床组的构造障碍的治疗方法具有明显不同的关节损伤 剖面[舌（ALS），颌骨主导（PD）关节损伤类型]。可以使用这样的见解 将来，以更异质的病因（TBI，中风）确定特定于特定的障碍类型 辅助临床决策。因此，新发现有可能通过提供 科学指导的治疗选择的基础，不仅是ALS和PD，而且对于许多其他病因。