Environmental Challenges and the Aging Brain: Implications for Community Mobility

环境挑战和大脑老化：对社区流动性的影响

• 批准号: 9338103
• 负责人: Andrea L Rosso
• 金额: $ 12.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9338103
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Affect; Age; Anxiety; Attention; Biological Preservation; Brain; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Clinical assessments; Cognitive aging; Communities; Complex; Device or Instrument Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Elderly; Environment; Future; Gait; Goals; Healthcare; Home environment; Image; Impairment; Independent Living; Individual; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Laboratories; Leadership; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Methodology; Monitor; Movement; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neuraxis; Participant; Performance; Peripheral; Prefrontal Cortex; Quality of life; Research; Research Design; Role; Structure; Testing; Time; Training; Walking; White Matter Hyperintensity; Wireless Technology; Work; age related; aging brain; base; body system; cognitive testing; cost; disability; executive function; falls; gray matter; improved; innovation; multimodality; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; relating to nervous system; skills; social; standard measure; tool; walking speed; white matter; young adult

Mobility limitations are common and costly. Community mobility is an individual’s movement that occurs outside the home and occurs within complex environments. Therefore, the interactions of an individual with the environment must be considered to fully understand how mobility limitations arise. The association of subclinical central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities with mobility in older adults free from neurologic disease is beginning to be established but is typically not studied in relation to environmental challenges. The first aim of this proposal is to characterize the relation between CNS characteristics, peripheral contributors, and community- based environmental challenges in a group of community-dwelling older adults. The second aim will develop and validate lab-based environmental challenges that reflect performance in actual community environments. This proposal incorporates several innovations that will allow me to better assess how the aging brain affects negotiation of real-world environmental challenges: 1) use of community-based environmental challenges in the lab to test community mobility 2) use of wearable, wireless functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for assessment of functional brain changes while participants are walking and 3) a multimodal neuroimaging approach that combines functional measurements from fNIRS with structural imaging. To successfully complete this research, I propose four training aims: 1) Acquire skills in measurement of gait in the lab and the real world; 2) Become an expert in use of near-infrared spectroscopy in mobility research; 3) Acquire advanced skills in in instrument development and testing; and 4) Continue to develop leadership and professional skills. These training aims will help me to achieve my immediate goals of establishing the relation between brain aging and limitations in community mobility as well as my long term goals of better understanding the contributors to community mobility in order to inform future intervention strategies. This research will establish the association between CNS function and negotiation of community-based environmental challenges, will establish the validity of tools for use in future studies, and will provide evidence towards novel intervention strategies to improve community mobility of older adults.

流动性限制很常见，而且成本高昂。社区流动是个人的运动 发生在家庭之外以及复杂的环境中。因此，相互作用 一个人与环境必须考虑充分理解流动性如何 出现限制。亚临床中枢神经系统（CNS）异常与 没有神经系统疾病的老年人的活动能力已经开始建立，但 通常不研究与环境挑战相关的问题。该提案的首要目标是 描述中枢神经系统特征、外周贡献者和社区之间的关系 基于社区老年人群体的环境挑战。第二个目标 将开发和验证基于实验室的环境挑战，以反映实际性能 社区环境。该提案包含了多项创新，使我能够 更好地评估衰老的大脑如何影响现实世界环境挑战的谈判：1) 在实验室中利用基于社区的环境挑战来测试社区流动性 2) 使用 可穿戴、无线功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 的功能评估 参与者行走时大脑发生变化，3）多模式神经影像方法 将 fNIRS 的功能测量与结构成像相结合。才能成功 完成这项研究后，我提出了四个培训目标：1）获得步态测量技能 实验室和现实世界； 2) 成为近红外光谱在移动领域的应用专家 研究; 3) 掌握先进的仪器开发和测试技能； 4) 继续 培养领导力和专业技能。这些培训目标将帮助我实现我的目标 建立大脑衰老与社区限制之间关系的近期目标 流动性以及我更好地了解社区贡献者的长期目标 流动性，以便为未来的干预策略提供信息。这项研究将建立 中枢神经系统功能与社区环境协商之间的关联 挑战，将确定未来研究中使用的工具的有效性，并提供证据 制定新的干预策略以改善老年人的社区流动性。