Effects of Exercise Training Intensity on Fitness and Insulin Sensitivity in African Americans

运动训练强度对非裔美国人体质和胰岛素敏感性的影响

• 批准号: 9264524
• 负责人: Damon Leo Swift
• 金额: $ 18.44万
• 依托单位: EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9264524
• 关键词: Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; African American; American; Attenuated; Biopsy; Body fat; Caucasians; Clinical; Collaborations; Control Groups; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Epidemiology; Etiology; Evaluation; Exercise; Fast-Twitch Muscle Fibers; Fiber; Future; Glucose; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Health Benefit; Heart Rate; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Measurement; Measures; Mitochondria; Muscle; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Physical activity; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Proteins; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Risk; Risk Factors; SLC2A1 gene; Sampling; Skeletal Muscle; Strenuous Exercise; Supervision; Time; Training; Training Programs; United States; VO2max; base; cardiorespiratory fitness; clinically relevant; diabetes risk; exercise adherence; exercise intensity; exercise program; exercise training; fitness; follow-up; health disparity; high risk; indexing; insulin sensitivity; intravenous glucose tolerance test; primary outcome; public health relevance; racial difference; racial health disparity; response; vigorous intensity

 DESCRIPTION: African Americans have a much greater risk of type 2 diabetes compared to Caucasians in the United States. Similarly, recent evidence has emerged that fitness level, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes also tends to be lower in African Americans. Many scientific studies have shown that exercise training has a beneficial impact on fitness levels and a variety of other type 2 diabetes risk factors such as the reduction of glucose/insulin levels, and body fat Importantly, studies performed in mostly Caucasian populations suggest that exercise training at a vigorous intensity may promote greater improvements in type 2 diabetes risk factors compared to moderate intensity exercise, which may suggest that it has greater promise in reducing type 2 diabetes risk. However, few exercise training studies compare the health benefits of different exercise training programs (such as exercise intensity) in African Americans, which is clinically important due to their greater type 2 diabetes risk, and that fact that they are less likely to meet public health recommendations for physical activity compared to their Caucasian counterparts. The goal of proposed study is to evaluate the effects of 6 months of moderate versus vigorous exercise training in obese African Americans. The study will focus on the change in fitness levels, however, we will also collect information on the change in insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle markers (associated with fitness or insulin sensitivity), body fat levels, quality of life, and enjoyment of exercise. This study will provide valuable information on what type of exercise training will offer the greatest improvement in T2DM risk factors in African Americans and potentially the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

 描述：非洲裔美国人患2型糖尿病的风险比美国白人高得多。同样，最近的证据表明，非裔美国人的健康水平（2型糖尿病的主要危险因素）也往往较低。许多科学研究表明，运动训练对健康水平和各种其他2型糖尿病风险因素（如葡萄糖/胰岛素水平降低和体脂）具有有益影响重要的是，在大多数高加索人群中进行的研究表明，与中等强度运动相比，高强度运动训练可能会促进2型糖尿病风险因素的更大改善，这可能表明它在降低2型糖尿病风险方面有更大的希望。然而，很少有运动训练研究比较非裔美国人不同运动训练计划（如运动强度）的健康益处，这在临床上很重要，因为他们的2型糖尿病风险更大，而且与高加索人相比，他们不太可能满足公共卫生建议的身体活动。这项研究的目的是评估6个月的中度与剧烈运动训练对肥胖的非洲裔美国人的影响。这项研究将集中在健身水平的变化，然而，我们也将收集有关胰岛素变化的信息 敏感性、骨骼肌标志物（与健康或胰岛素敏感性相关）、体脂水平、生活质量和运动乐趣。这项研究将提供宝贵的信息， 什么样的运动训练能最大程度地改善非裔美国人的2型糖尿病危险因素，并有可能预防2型糖尿病。