Prevention at the Outer Layers of the Ecology: GreenDot to Build Collective Efficacy and Change Injunctive Norms

 描述（由申请人提供）：由于亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性侵犯（SA）是主要的公共卫生问题，在社会生态的各个层面的初级预防策略是至关重要的。然而，到目前为止，很少有社区一级的IPV和SA预防工作已经制定，实施和严格评估。拟议的研究将测试一种新的社区一级战略的有效性（即，GreenDot社区），以防止IPV和SA。将采用一种准实验方法，两个社区将不接受任何干预，一个社区将接受绿点的社区组成部分（即，旁观者培训），两个社区将接受基于社区的部分，此外还将接受社会营销活动和行动活动的能力建设，这些活动被认为是集体效能和强制性规范变革的催化剂。为了评估社区一级干预措施的影响，将在赠款的第一年通过多种方法收集基线数据，并在赠款的第四年收集干预后数据。将采用多种数据收集方法，包括：对成年人进行随机数字拨号调查，对青少年进行以学校为基础的调查（此外还利用参与社区学校的YRBS数据），观察 热点、概念图和社交媒体网站的内容编码。分析将确定社区干预是否导致IPV和SA的社区发生率降低，以及确定这些结果的关键中介变量（即，提高集体效能和改变禁止性规范，使之不容忍基于性别的暴力）以及适度变量（例如，人口变量和社区准备）。最终，拟议的项目将揭示一种新的社区级IPV和SV预防工作是否会降低社区的IPV和SV率（以及这些潜在结果的中介和调节作用）;如果证明有效，GreenDot社区可以被美国各地的社区用于减少基于性别的暴力。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Because intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA) are major public health concerns, primary prevention strategies at all levels of the social ecology are critical. To date, however, there are few community- level IPV and SA prevention efforts that have been developed, implemented, and rigorously evaluated. The proposed study will test the effectiveness of a novel, community-level strategy (i.e., GreenDot Community) for preventing both IPV and SA. A quasi-experimental methodology will be utilized such that two communities will receive no intervention, one community will receive community-based components of GreenDot (i.e., bystander trainings), and two communities will receive the community-based components in addition to capacity building for social marketing campaign and action events hypothesized to be the catalysts of change for collective efficacy and injunctive norms. To evaluate the impacts of the community-level interventions, baseline data will be collected through multiple methods during year one of the grant and post-intervention data will be collected during year four of the grant. Multiple methods of data collection will be utilized and include: random-digit dial survey of adults, a school-based survey of adolescents (in addition to utilization of YRBS data specific to schools in participating communities), observation of hot spots, concept mapping, and content coding of social media sites. Analyses will determine if the community-level intervention leads to reductions in community rates of IPV and SA, in addition to determining the key mediating variables of these outcomes (i.e., increase collective efficacy and shift injunctive norms to be intolerant of gender-based violence) as well as moderation variables (e.g., demographic variables and community readiness). Ultimately the proposed project will shed light on whether a novel community-level IPV and SV prevention effort reduces rates of IPV and SV in communities (as well as mediating and moderating effects of such potential outcomes); if proven effective, GreenDot community could be used by communities across the U.S. in efforts to reduce gender-based violence.