Prevention at the Outer Layers of the Ecology: GreenDot to Build Collective Efficacy and Change Injunctive Norms

 描述(由申请人提供)：由于亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)和性侵犯(SA)是主要的公共卫生问题，社会生态各级的初级预防战略至关重要。然而，到目前为止，很少有社区层面的IPV和SA预防努力得到开发、实施和严格评估。这项拟议的研究将测试一种新的社区层面战略(即GreenDot社区)对预防IPV和SA的有效性。将采用准实验方法，使两个社区将不接受干预，一个社区将接受GreenDot的社区组成部分(即旁观者培训)，两个社区将接受社区组成部分，此外还将接受社会营销活动和行动活动的能力建设，这些活动被认为是集体效力和禁令规范变化的催化剂。为了评估社区一级干预措施的影响，将在赠款的第一年通过多种方法收集基线数据，并在赠款的第四年收集干预后数据。将利用多种数据收集方法，包括：成人随机数字拨号调查、以学校为基础的青少年调查(除了利用参与社区学校的YRBS数据)、观察 热点、概念图和社交媒体网站的内容编码。除了确定这些结果的关键中介变量(即提高集体效力和改变禁止性规范以不容忍基于性别的暴力)以及缓和变量(例如人口变量和社区准备情况)外，分析还将确定社区一级的干预措施是否导致社区IPV和SA比率的下降。最终，拟议的项目将阐明一种新的社区层面的IPV和SV预防努力是否能降低社区中的IPV和SV的发生率(以及调解和缓和这种潜在结果的影响)；如果被证明有效，GreenDot社区可以被美国各地的社区用于减少基于性别的暴力。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Because intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA) are major public health concerns, primary prevention strategies at all levels of the social ecology are critical. To date, however, there are few community- level IPV and SA prevention efforts that have been developed, implemented, and rigorously evaluated. The proposed study will test the effectiveness of a novel, community-level strategy (i.e., GreenDot Community) for preventing both IPV and SA. A quasi-experimental methodology will be utilized such that two communities will receive no intervention, one community will receive community-based components of GreenDot (i.e., bystander trainings), and two communities will receive the community-based components in addition to capacity building for social marketing campaign and action events hypothesized to be the catalysts of change for collective efficacy and injunctive norms. To evaluate the impacts of the community-level interventions, baseline data will be collected through multiple methods during year one of the grant and post-intervention data will be collected during year four of the grant. Multiple methods of data collection will be utilized and include: random-digit dial survey of adults, a school-based survey of adolescents (in addition to utilization of YRBS data specific to schools in participating communities), observation of hot spots, concept mapping, and content coding of social media sites. Analyses will determine if the community-level intervention leads to reductions in community rates of IPV and SA, in addition to determining the key mediating variables of these outcomes (i.e., increase collective efficacy and shift injunctive norms to be intolerant of gender-based violence) as well as moderation variables (e.g., demographic variables and community readiness). Ultimately the proposed project will shed light on whether a novel community-level IPV and SV prevention effort reduces rates of IPV and SV in communities (as well as mediating and moderating effects of such potential outcomes); if proven effective, GreenDot community could be used by communities across the U.S. in efforts to reduce gender-based violence.