“Does getting older signal improved mood repair for people with early-onset mood disorder histories? A longitudinal study of outcomes and mechanisms across middle age.”

– 对于有早发性情绪障碍史的人来说，变老是否会改善情绪修复？

• 批准号: 9317637
• 负责人: MARIA KOVACS
• 金额: $ 70.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9317637
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Autonomic nervous system; Behavior; Chronic; Cognitive; Costs and Benefits; Databases; Decision Making; Depressed mood; Depressive disorder; Diagnosis; Distress; Economics; Emotional; Emotional Stability; Female; Functional disorder; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Outcome; Outcome Study; Performance; Peripheral; Personality; Persons; Physiological; Predictive Value; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Reporting; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Sympathetic Nervous System; Testing; Time; Use Effectiveness; Woman; Work; age effect; age group; age related; aged; base; cognitive reappraisal; computational neuroscience; contextual factors; cost; depression prevention; depressive symptoms; design; discount; discounting; dysphoria; early onset; emotion regulation; human old age (65+); improved; information processing; men; middle age; negative affect; normal aging; novel; psychosocial; repaired; research study; response; sex; skills; success; trait; trend; young adult

Abstract This application responds to RFA-MH-17-405 Adult Maturational Changes and Dysfunctions in Emotion Regulation. As the RFA notes, aging is associated (for most people) with increasing emotional well-being, emotional stability, and a positivity bias. While these maturational changes are believed to reflect improved emotion regulation skills (like better ways of attenuating sad mood), the literature on emotion regulation strategies and age is decidedly equivocal. Further, little is known about when maturational changes may occur given the scarcity of longitudinal studies and the use of designs, which contrast highly divergent age groups. And it is not known how psychopathology affects presumed adult maturational changes in affect-related skills. We propose to build on a unique sample of Ss, heterogeneous with respect to risk of depressive disorder, who (in prior research studies) repeatedly reported during ages 18-35+ on their emotional well-being and how they attenuate sadness/distress (mood repair); their autonomic nervous system (ANS) functioning associated with affect processing was also assessed via peripheral measures. We propose to re-assess n=225 with histories of diagnosed depression and n=200 with no histories of depression once more, and thus extend the data base up to age 59 years, covering middle-age. We will identify latent trajectories of trait mood repair from ages 18 to 59 years and determine its correlates and the effects of personality, treatment exposure and ANS physiologic functioning on class membership. We also will examine the ability to repair mood in the laboratory via two adaptive cognitive regulation strategies: attention-refocusing and neutral reappraisal. Finally, we will use a novel experimental procedure (the Cognitive Effort Discounting Paradigm or COG-ED), which quantifies the subjective cost of cognitive effort (involved in cost-benefit computations to perform a task), to examine the impact of affective load on effort-based decision making. We will test several clearly articulated hypotheses about : i) the effects of depressive illness history and sex on positive maturational effects in mood repair with age, ii) the predictive/moderating values of personality and treatment exposure on age-related mood repair changes, iii) the relations of latent-class mood repair trajectories to sex and shifts in ANS functioning over time; iv) the predictive value of latent-class mood repair trajectories for mood repair success in the laboratory; v) ever-depressed and never-depressed group-related differences on the COG-ED, and vi) the relations of COG- ED performance to mood repair trajectory membership and lab-based mood repair performance via attention refocusing. Our study will fill several gaps in the literature on emotion regulation and aging. It also represents the first step to assess the extent to which a neuro-economic approach to decision making reflects a mechanism that may explain mood repair choices. Findings on mood repair trajectories and COG-ED outcomes have public health implications in the areas of depression prevention and treatment.

摘要 此应用程序响应RFA-MH-17-405成人成熟变化和情绪功能障碍 监管。正如RFA指出的那样，(对大多数人来说)衰老与不断增加的情绪幸福感有关， 情绪稳定，积极偏向。而这些成熟的变化被认为反映了 情绪调节技巧(如缓解悲伤情绪的更好方法)，关于情绪调节的文献 战略和年龄显然是模棱两可的。此外，人们对何时可能发生成熟变化知之甚少。 考虑到缺乏纵向研究和设计的使用，这些设计对比了高度不同的年龄段。 目前尚不清楚精神病理学如何影响成人情感相关技能的假定成熟变化。 我们建议建立一个独特的SS样本，关于抑郁障碍的风险是不同的，谁 (在先前的研究中)在18-35岁以上的人中反复报告他们的情绪幸福感以及他们如何 减轻悲伤/痛苦(情绪修复)；他们的自主神经系统(ANS)功能与 情感处理也通过外周测量进行评估。我们建议用历史重新评估n=225 诊断为抑郁症的患者，n=200，再次无抑郁史，从而扩展数据库 年龄在59岁以下，涵盖中年。我们将从18岁开始确定特征情绪修复的潜在轨迹 到59岁，并确定其相关性以及个性、治疗暴露和ANS的影响 班级成员的生理功能。我们还将在实验室中检查修复情绪的能力 通过两种适应性认知调节策略：注意重聚焦策略和中性重评价策略。最后，我们会 使用一种新的实验方法(认知努力贴现范式或COG-ED)，它可以量化 认知努力的主观成本(涉及执行任务的成本-收益计算)，以检查 情感负荷对基于努力的决策的影响。我们将测试几个清楚表述的假设。 关于：i)抑郁病史和性别对情绪修复的积极成熟效应的影响 年龄，二)个性和治疗暴露对年龄相关情绪修复的预测/调节价值 变化，III)潜在类情绪修复轨迹与性别和ANS功能随时间变化的关系； 4)潜在类情绪修复轨迹对实验室情绪修复成功的预测价值；v) (6)COG-ED与COG-ED的关系。 ED表现到情绪修复轨迹成员资格和基于实验室的关注情绪修复性能 重新聚焦。我们的研究将填补有关情绪调节和衰老的文献中的几个空白。它还代表着 评估神经经济学决策方法在多大程度上反映了 可以解释情绪修复选择的机制。情绪修复轨迹与COG-ED的研究结果 结果在抑郁症预防和治疗领域具有公共卫生影响。