Afferent-efferent interactions in the developing cochlea
Afferent-efferent interactions in the developing cochlea
批准号:
9261880
负责人:
Lisa Goodrich
金额:
$46.38万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2016
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2016-12-01 至 2021-11-30
关键词:
Acoustic TraumaAffectAfferent NeuronsAgingAnimalsAuditoryAxonBrainBrain StemCell Adhesion MoleculesCochleaCochlear ImplantsComplementComplexContralateralCuesDataDefectDevelopmentEarEfferent NeuronsEnvironmentEventFeedbackGATA3 geneGangliaGene Expression ProfilingGene TargetingGenesGeneticGrowthHearingHearing TestsInner Hair CellsInvadedIpsilateralKnock-outKnockout MiceKnowledgeLabelLabyrinthLateralLightLocationMedialMediatingMolecularMolecular Biology TechniquesMorphologyMusMusicMutant Strains MiceNatureNerveNeuraxisNeuronsNoiseOrgan of CortiOuter Hair CellsOutputPathway interactionsPatternPeripheralPhenotypePopulationProcessPropertyRadialResearch Project GrantsRoleSideSignal TransductionSpeech PerceptionSynapsesSystemTechnologyTestingTimeWorkbasebinaural hearingcell typecholinergic neurondesigndifferential expressionexperimental studygenetic analysisgenetic approachimprovedinsightmutantnerve supplyneuron developmentnormal agingprogramsreceptorrepairedresponsescaffoldsoundspiral gangliontemporal measurementtooltranscription factortranscriptome sequencing
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Project Summary
The cochlea is innervated by two main classes of neurons: the spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) afferents, which
transmit information from the ear to the brain, and the olivocochlear neuron (OCN) efferents, which provide
feedback from the brain to the ear. Housed in the auditory brainstem, OCNs comprise two small populations
of cholinergic neurons that send axons along the eighth nerve and into the cochlea. One subset, the medial
olivocochlear (MOC) efferents, extend myelinated axons that fasciculate with SGN afferents in radial bundles
and terminate on outer hair cells in the organ of Corti. The other subset, the lateral olivocochlear (LOC)
efferents, develop thinner, unmyelinated axons that also follow along the radial bundles, but terminate instead
on the endings of Type I SGN afferents contacting the inner hair cells. Together, the LOC and MOC neurons
modulate the output of the cochlea, thereby improving binaural hearing and protecting the cochlea from the
effects of excess noise and aging. By investigating how LOC and MOC neurons develop and establish
connections, we can gain valuable insights into how the cochlea is wired and maintained for a lifetime of
hearing. This knowledge will improve cochlear implant technology and identify new molecular entry points
for rewiring the damaged cochlea.
OCN axons develop in tight association with the SGN afferents, which appear to provide a scaffold for growth
within the cochlea. In turn, OCN efferents influence SGN activity both indirectly, by forming transient
synapses with the IHCs during development, and directly, by forming synapses on Type I peripheral
processes that can regulate mature SGN firing properties. Based on the intimate relationship between these
two populations, we hypothesize that reciprocal interactions between efferents and afferents sculpt the final
wiring pattern of the cochlea. To investigate this idea, we propose to launch a new research project aimed at
defining how and when OCN axons interact with SGN afferents, both at the cellular level and at the molecular
level. We will start by using genetic approaches to document afferent‐efferent interactions with high spatial
and temporal resolution. In parallel, we will use newly available molecular biology techniques to identify
genes that are differentially expressed in LOC and MOC neurons, including those that might direct each
population towards distinct targets in the cochlea. These studies will be complemented with a focused analysis
of the transcription factor Gata3, which we found is required in OCNs for proper innervation of the cochlea,
with secondary effects on SGN afferent growth and targeting. Results from the proposed experiments will
establish a framework for studying the development and function of OCNs and provide new insights into the
molecular pathways that guide the dual innervation of the cochlea by afferents and efferents.
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The role of Fat3 in amacrine cell dendrite development.
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2010 Auditory System Gordon Research Conference and Gordon Research Seminar
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依托单位:
海外基金