The Neuro-cognition of Word Comprehension

词语理解的神经认知

• 批准号: 9269900
• 负责人: PHILLIP J HOLCOMB
• 金额: $ 37.6万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9269900
• 关键词: Anatomy; Architecture; Auditory; Base of the Brain; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Child; Code; Communication; Comprehension; Data; Dyslexia; Education; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Future; Goals; Human; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Language; Language Development Disorders; Language Disorders; Learning; Left; Letters; Link; Location; Maps; Masks; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Multimodal Imaging; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Orthography; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psyche structure; Psychology; Research; Research Design; Resolution; Science; Series; Side; Source; System; Techniques; Testing; Visual; Word Processing; Work; arm; base; cognitive ability; comprehension test; cost effective; data integration; design; experimental study; imaging modality; insight; language impairment; lexical; novel; operation; phonology; relating to nervous system; semantic processing; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The mental and underlying neural (neuro-cognitive) operations involved in the comprehension of words are fundamental to language based communication. Understanding how the brain identifies individual words from around fifty thousand or so possibilities in less than half a second, has been a continuing challenge for theorists in psychology, neuroscience and education. Finding the answer to this and related questions would represent a major step forward in basic language science, but also would provide a framework for helping isolate the neuro-cognitive locus of deficits in certain developmental language disorders. The overall goal of the proposed research is to continue our study of word comprehension processes from a neuro-cognitive perspective. The experiments outlined in this proposal are focused on providing answers to questions about the temporal dynamics (ERPs) and now the spatial organization (MEG and fMRI) of the neural networks that underlie the comprehension of words. The proposed research has four specific aims. In Aim 1 we propose to test a series of predictions about the temporal dynamics of visual word comprehension derived from our recently elaborated Bi-modal Interactive Activation Model (BIAM) of word processing. Experiments are proposed that use our well understood ERP masked priming paradigm, as well as two new novel experimental techniques. We will also extend the scope of our research in three new directions. In Aim 2 we propose a novel series of ERP studies designed to expand our study of comprehension to the auditory modality using our newly developed dichotic priming task. These studies will allow us to better elaborate the auditory side of the BIAM. In Aim 3 we propose experiments that test predictions from the BIAM at the interface between visual and spoken word processing, a level we hypothesize is critical to the process of learning to read. Finally, in Aim 4 we propose to augment our work on the temporal dynamics of word comprehension by using multi-modal imaging techniques. This will provide much needed information about the spatial organization of the neural networks involved in word comprehension and will allow us to add an anatomical component to our BIAM of word comprehension. Our long term goal is to extend these studies to normal children as well as those with word processing deficits including dyslexia and SLI.

描述(由申请人提供)：理解单词所涉及的心理和潜在神经(神经认知)操作是基于语言的交流的基础。了解大脑如何在不到半秒的时间内从大约5万个可能的单词中识别出单个单词，一直是心理学、神经科学和教育领域的理论家面临的持续挑战。找到这个问题和相关问题的答案将代表着基础语言科学向前迈出的一大步，也将为帮助分离某些发育性语言障碍的神经认知缺陷提供一个框架。本研究的总体目标是继续从神经认知的角度对词汇理解过程进行研究。这项提案中概述的实验侧重于为有关时间动力学(ERPs)以及现在神经网络的空间组织(脑磁图和功能磁共振)的问题提供答案，这些神经网络是理解单词的基础。这项拟议的研究有四个具体目标。在目标1中，我们建议测试一系列关于视觉单词理解的时间动力学的预测，这些预测来自我们最近提出的字处理的双通道交互激活模型(BIAM)。提出了使用我们熟知的事件相关电位掩蔽启动范式的实验，以及两种新的实验技术。我们还将在三个新方向上扩展我们的研究范围。在目标2中，我们提出了一系列新颖的事件相关电位研究，旨在利用我们新开发的两分启动任务，将我们的理解研究扩展到听觉通道。这些研究将使我们能够更好地阐述BIAM的听觉方面。在目标3中，我们提出了一些实验，测试BIAM在视觉和口语文字处理之间的界面上的预测，我们假设这个水平对学习阅读的过程至关重要。最后，在目标4中，我们建议通过使用多模式成像技术来加强我们在单词理解的时间动力学方面的工作。这将提供有关参与单词理解的神经网络的空间组织的迫切需要的信息，并将允许我们在单词理解的BIAM中添加一个解剖学组件。我们的长期目标是将这些研究扩展到正常儿童以及那些有文字处理缺陷的儿童，包括阅读困难和SLI。