The Cognitive Neuroscience of Second Language Acquisition

第二语言习得的认知神经科学

• 批准号: 7888822
• 负责人: PHILLIP J HOLCOMB
• 金额: $ 38.38万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-07 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7888822
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Awareness; Brain; Cognitive; Competence; Comprehension; Data; Development; Equilibrium; European; Event-Related Potentials; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Instruction; Japanese Population; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Language Development; Learning; Life; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Population; Process; Psyche structure; Research; Research Project Grants; Semantics; System; Techniques; Testing; Time Study; Training; Translations; Universities; Visual; Vocabulary; Word Processing; Work; Writing; base; behavior measurement; bilingualism; cognitive neuroscience; cost effective; design; executive function; follow-up; improved; insight; language processing; lexical; neuromechanism; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past five years, thanks to support from NICHD, we have been actively studying the time-course and neural correlates of word processing in university students learning a second language. In this work we use the event-related potential (ERP) technique, which provides a noninvasive and cost effective online measure of neural activity that can be used to study the underlying organization and processing of words in both of a bilingual's two languages. Our studies have provided important insights into the neural, perceptual and cognitive mechanisms involved in acquiring a vocabulary in a new second language (L2), as well as showing how such learning impacts native language (L1) processing. This work has led us to describe a new developmental interactive-activation model of second language acquisition which will be tested in three sets of interrelated studies in the research outlined in this proposal. To date our studies have focused on complementary populations of French and English university learners of a L2. In this competing renewal our first aim is to follow-up on the results of studies using several of our most promising ERP paradigms in two groups of more proficient balanced bilinguals: one that learned both of their languages early in life; and a second that learned one language early and the other after age 10. In a second aim we propose to continue our study of French/English university learners, but to also expand our ERP studies to L1 English and French learners of two non- Indo-European languages that either use a completely different writing system than western languages (Japanese) or use a similar writing system, but a different alphabet (Arabic). Finally, our third aim is to extend our ERP studies to learners who are at the very beginning of acquiring a visual vocabulary in a new L2. In these studies learning will take place under controlled laboratory conditions and the progression of learning over a period of nine training sessions will be tracked. Changes in both ERP measures and language competence on items in the new L2 vocabulary will be monitored. Together these studies will help us fill important gaps in knowledge about the neural organization and interrelationship of word processing in second language learners. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In most of the world bilingualism is the norm. Even in the primarily monolingual US, there is a growing awareness that knowledge of a second language (L2) is essential to our competitiveness. However, there are critical gaps in our understanding of how L2s are learned and processed as well as how learning a second language influences native language processing. The proposed studies will provide critical information about the mental and neural underpinnings of L2 acquisition.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的五年里，感谢NICHD的支持，我们一直在积极研究学习第二语言的大学生的文字处理的时间过程和神经相关性。在这项工作中，我们使用的事件相关电位（ERP）技术，它提供了一个非侵入性和成本效益的在线测量神经活动，可用于研究的基本组织和处理的话在双语的两种语言。我们的研究提供了重要的见解神经，知觉和认知机制参与获得一个新的第二语言（L2）的词汇，以及显示如何学习影响母语（L1）的处理。这项工作使我们描述了一个新的发展互动激活模式的第二语言习得，这将是测试在三套相互关联的研究在本建议中概述的研究。到目前为止，我们的研究主要集中在法语和英语大学学习者的L2互补人群。在这个竞争性的更新中，我们的第一个目标是跟踪两组更熟练的平衡双语者中使用我们最有前途的ERP范式的研究结果：一组在生命早期学习了两种语言;第二组在10岁之后学习了一种语言。在第二个目标，我们建议继续我们的法语/英语大学学习者的研究，但也扩大我们的ERP研究L1英语和法语学习者的两个非印欧语言，要么使用一个完全不同的书写系统比西方语言（日语）或使用类似的书写系统，但不同的字母（阿拉伯语）。最后，我们的第三个目标是将我们的ERP研究扩展到学习者谁是在一个新的第二语言中获得视觉词汇的开始。在这些研究中，学习将在受控的实验室条件下进行，并将跟踪九次培训课程期间的学习进展。ERP测量和新的L2词汇项目的语言能力的变化将被监测。这些研究将有助于我们填补有关第二语言学习者的神经组织和文字处理相互关系的知识空白。 公共卫生相关性：在世界大多数地方，双语是常态。即使在主要使用单语的美国，人们也越来越意识到掌握第二语言（L2）对我们的竞争力至关重要。然而，我们对第二语言是如何学习和处理的，以及学习第二语言如何影响母语处理的理解存在重大差距。这些研究将为二语习得的心理和神经基础提供重要信息。

项目成果

An ERP investigation of masked cross-script translation priming.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.05.005
• 发表时间: 2010-07-16
• 期刊: BRAIN RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Hoshino, Noriko;Midgley, Katherine J.;Holcomb, Phillip J.;Grainger, Jonathan
• 通讯作者: Grainger, Jonathan

Cognate status and cross-script translation priming.

同源状态和跨文字翻译启动。

• DOI: 10.3758/bf03193467
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Memory & cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Voga,Madeleine;Grainger,Jonathan
• 通讯作者: Grainger,Jonathan