The Cognitive Neuroscience of Second Language Acquisition

第二语言习得的认知神经科学

• 批准号: 7888822
• 负责人: PHILLIP J HOLCOMB
• 金额: $ 38.38万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-07 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7888822
• 关键词: Age; Aging; Awareness; Brain; Cognitive; Competence; Comprehension; Data; Development; Equilibrium; European; Event-Related Potentials; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Instruction; Japanese Population; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Language Development; Learning; Life; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Population; Process; Psyche structure; Research; Research Project Grants; Semantics; System; Techniques; Testing; Time Study; Training; Translations; Universities; Visual; Vocabulary; Word Processing; Work; Writing; base; behavior measurement; bilingualism; cognitive neuroscience; cost effective; design; executive function; follow-up; improved; insight; language processing; lexical; neuromechanism; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past five years, thanks to support from NICHD, we have been actively studying the time-course and neural correlates of word processing in university students learning a second language. In this work we use the event-related potential (ERP) technique, which provides a noninvasive and cost effective online measure of neural activity that can be used to study the underlying organization and processing of words in both of a bilingual's two languages. Our studies have provided important insights into the neural, perceptual and cognitive mechanisms involved in acquiring a vocabulary in a new second language (L2), as well as showing how such learning impacts native language (L1) processing. This work has led us to describe a new developmental interactive-activation model of second language acquisition which will be tested in three sets of interrelated studies in the research outlined in this proposal. To date our studies have focused on complementary populations of French and English university learners of a L2. In this competing renewal our first aim is to follow-up on the results of studies using several of our most promising ERP paradigms in two groups of more proficient balanced bilinguals: one that learned both of their languages early in life; and a second that learned one language early and the other after age 10. In a second aim we propose to continue our study of French/English university learners, but to also expand our ERP studies to L1 English and French learners of two non- Indo-European languages that either use a completely different writing system than western languages (Japanese) or use a similar writing system, but a different alphabet (Arabic). Finally, our third aim is to extend our ERP studies to learners who are at the very beginning of acquiring a visual vocabulary in a new L2. In these studies learning will take place under controlled laboratory conditions and the progression of learning over a period of nine training sessions will be tracked. Changes in both ERP measures and language competence on items in the new L2 vocabulary will be monitored. Together these studies will help us fill important gaps in knowledge about the neural organization and interrelationship of word processing in second language learners. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In most of the world bilingualism is the norm. Even in the primarily monolingual US, there is a growing awareness that knowledge of a second language (L2) is essential to our competitiveness. However, there are critical gaps in our understanding of how L2s are learned and processed as well as how learning a second language influences native language processing. The proposed studies will provide critical information about the mental and neural underpinnings of L2 acquisition.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的五年中，由于NICHD的支持，我们一直在积极研究大学生中文字处理的时间课和神经相关性学习第二语言。在这项工作中，我们使用与事件相关的潜力（ERP）技术，该技术提供了一种无创和具有成本效益的在线神经活动的衡量，可用于研究双语两种语言中两种语言的基础组织和词语的处理。我们的研究为获得新的第二语言（L2）的词汇涉及的神经，感知和认知机制提供了重要的见解，并展示了这种学习如何影响母语（L1）处理。这项工作使我们描述了第二语言获取的新发展交互式激活模型，该模型将在本提案中概述的研究中的三组相互关联的研究中进行测试。迄今为止，我们的研究集中在法语和英国大学学习者的互补人群上。在这种竞争性的续约中，我们的第一个目的是跟进研究结果，使用我们最有前途的ERP范式在两组更熟练平衡的双语者中：一种在生命的早期就学到了两种语言；第二个是早日学习一种语言，而另一种是10岁以后。我们建议继续研究法语/英语大学学习者，但还将我们的ERP研究扩展到L1英语和法语学习者的两种非欧洲语言的学习者，这些语言使用与西方语言（日语）或使用类似的写作系统，但使用不同的Alphabet（Araphabet（Arabphabet）（阿拉伯语）。最后，我们的第三个目标是将我们的ERP研究扩展到正在开始在新L2中获得视觉词汇的学习者。在这些研究中，学习将在受控的实验室条件下进行，并将在一段时间内进行九次培训课程的学习进展。将监视新L2词汇中项目的ERP测量和语言能力的变化。这些研究将共同​​帮助我们填补有关神经组织的知识的重要空白以及第二语言学习者中文字处理的相互关系。 公共卫生相关性：在世界上大多数地方，双语是常态。即使在我们主要的单语言中，人们也越来越认识到对第二语言的知识（L2）对于我们的竞争力至关重要。但是，我们对如何学习和处理L2以及学习第二语言如何影响母语处理的理解存在关键差距。拟议的研究将提供有关L2获取的心理和神经基础的关键信息。

项目成果

An ERP investigation of masked cross-script translation priming.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.05.005
• 发表时间: 2010-07-16
• 期刊: BRAIN RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Hoshino, Noriko;Midgley, Katherine J.;Holcomb, Phillip J.;Grainger, Jonathan
• 通讯作者: Grainger, Jonathan

Cognate status and cross-script translation priming.

同源状态和跨文字翻译启动。

• DOI: 10.3758/bf03193467
• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Memory & cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Voga,Madeleine;Grainger,Jonathan
• 通讯作者: Grainger,Jonathan