A cross-national perspective on social integration and cognitive aging for Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico: Quantifying the effects of both local and cross-border social integration

1项目摘要 23疾病和相关痴呆（ADRD）。然而，几乎没有人知道社会的影响， 4墨西哥裔老年人ADRD风险的整合。拉丁美洲人，包括墨西哥裔人， 家庭和社区网络的更大融合与阿尔茨海默氏症的风险降低有关 到2050年，5岁以上的老年人将占老年人口的近20%。因此，迫切需要 6了解社会因素对美国老年人中这一日益重要的群体的ADRD风险的影响。 7成年人这项研究应考虑到墨西哥社交网络的具体背景， 8个老年人。特别是，美国和墨西哥的许多墨西哥裔老年人可能有 9地理上分散的家庭网络作为美国移民的结果。跨界家庭成员 10可以继续作为情感支持的来源。另一方面，分散的家庭网络可能 11.减少对老年人的情感支持。令人惊讶的是，人们对社会融合 12在本地或跨境家庭网络内影响认知结果。这其中的研究部分 13个辅导职业发展奖将应用新的流行病学工具来量化当地和 14跨境社会融合对美国和墨西哥裔老年人认知结果的影响 15并确定这些影响在多大程度上可以由晚年抑郁症解释或修改。的 16项拟议的研究还将审查本地和跨境社会融合缓冲的潜力 17.早期社会经济劣势（ELSED）对墨西哥人认知结果的不利影响， 18个老人的起源这一指导性职业发展奖提出了三个培训领域， 19候选人发展独立的研究生涯，重点是认知老化的流行病学， 20个跨国背景：1）认知老化主题，2）因果推理和因果调解方法， 21和3）跨国数据协调。具体目标将使用两个纵向数据来实现 22项针对美国和墨西哥墨西哥裔老年人的研究--萨克拉门托地区拉丁裔老龄化研究 23和墨西哥健康和老龄化研究-这是独特的，他们包括当地和跨境 24项社会融合措施。这些研究将单独使用，并作为协调的跨国 25数据集进行以下目的：1.量化地方和跨界社会融合对 26认知功能和认知障碍。2.估计当地和交叉影响的程度- 27边缘社会融合对认知功能的影响a）由抑郁症解释，B）由抑郁症改变。3.测试 28本地和跨境社会融合的能力，以修改ELSED对认知功能的影响。的 29预期成果是一项严格的跨国研究，研究社会融合对认知能力的纵向影响。 墨西哥裔老年人的30个结果。目标3还将作为一个方法测试案例， 31个可能缓冲ELSED对认知老化的不利影响的可修改因素。

1 PROJECT ABSTRACT 23 disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Nevertheless, almost nothing is known about the impact of social 4 integration on the risk of ADRDs for older Mexican-origin adults. Latinos, including Mexican-origin individuals, Greater integration within family and community networks has been linked to lower risk of Alzheimer's 5 will account for nearly 20% of the older adult population by 2050. There is consequently a critical need to 6 understand the impact of social factors on ADRDs risk for this increasingly important segment of the U.S. older 7 adult population. This research should take into account the specific context of social networks for Mexican- 8 origin older adults. In particular, many Mexican-origin older adults in both the U.S. and Mexico may have 9 geographically dispersed family networks as the result of U.S. migration. Family members living across borders 10 may continue to serve as sources of emotional support. On the other hand, dispersed family networks may 11 entail diminished emotional supports for older adults. Surprisingly little is known about how social integration 12 within local or cross-border family networks impacts cognitive outcomes. The research component of this 13 mentored career development award will apply novel epidemiologic tools to quantify the impact of local and 14 cross-border social integration on cognitive outcomes for older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico 15 and identify the degree to which these effects may be explained by or modified by late-life depression. The 16 proposed research will also examine the potential for both local and cross-border social integration to buffer 17 the adverse impact of early-life socio-economic disadvantage (ELSED) on cognitive outcomes for Mexican- 18 origin older adults. This mentored career development award proposes three areas of training that will allow 19 the candidate to develop an independent research career focused on the epidemiology of cognitive aging in 20 cross-national contexts: 1) cognitive aging subject matter, 2) causal inference and causal mediation methods, 21 and 3) cross-national data harmonization. The specific aims will be achieved using data from two longitudinal 22 studies of older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico – the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging 23 and the Mexican Health and Aging Study – that are unique in their inclusion of both local and cross-border 24 social integration measures. These studies will be used individually and as part of a harmonized cross-national 25 dataset to carry out the following aims: 1. Quantify the effects of local and cross-border social integration on 26 cognitive function and cognitive impairment. 2. Estimate the degree to which the effects of local and cross- 27 border social integration on cognitive function are a) explained by and b) modified by depression. 3. Test the 28 capacity for local and cross-border social integration to modify the impact of ELSED on cognitive function. The 29 expected outcome is a rigorous cross-national study of the longitudinal impact of social integration on cognitive 30 outcomes for Mexican-origin older adults. Aim 3 will also serve as a methodological test case for research on 31 modifiable factors that might buffer the adverse impact of ELSED on cognitive aging.