A cross-national perspective on social integration and cognitive aging for Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico: Quantifying the effects of both local and cross-border social integration

1个项目摘要 23种疾病及相关痴呆(ADRDS)。尽管如此，人们对社会变革的影响几乎一无所知。 4整合墨西哥裔老年人患ADRDS的风险。拉丁裔，包括墨西哥血统的个人， 家庭和社区网络的更多整合与阿尔茨海默氏症风险的降低有关 到2050年，5岁的老年人将占老年人口的近20%。因此，迫切需要 6了解社会因素对美国老年人这一日益重要的群体的ADRDS风险的影响 成年种群7只。这项研究应该考虑到墨西哥人社交网络的特定背景- 8原籍老年人。特别是，美国和墨西哥的许多墨西哥裔老年人可能有 9由于美国移民，地理上分散的家庭网络。跨境居住的家庭成员 10可能会继续作为情感支持的来源。另一方面，分散的家庭网络可能 11导致对老年人的情感支持减少。令人惊讶的是，人们对社会融合是如何 12在当地或跨国界的家庭网络内会影响认知结果。这方面的研究部分 13个指导职业发展奖将应用新的流行病学工具来量化当地和 14跨境社会融合对美国和墨西哥墨西哥裔老年人认知结果的影响 15并确定这些影响可以在多大程度上由晚年抑郁来解释或修改。这个 16拟议的研究还将审查当地和跨境社会融合的缓冲潜力 17早期社会经济劣势(ELSED)对墨西哥人认知结果的不利影响- 18位原籍老年人。这项指导职业发展奖提出了三个领域的培训，将使 19发展独立研究事业的候选人，专注于认知老化的流行病学 20个跨国语境：1)认知老化主题，2)因果推理和因果调解方法， 21和3)跨国数据协调。具体目标将使用两个纵向的数据来实现 22项对美国和墨西哥墨西哥裔老年人的研究-萨克拉门托地区拉丁裔关于老龄化的研究 23和墨西哥健康和老龄化研究--这两项研究的独特之处在于包括了当地和跨境 24项社会融合举措。这些研究将单独使用，并作为协调的跨国研究的一部分 25个数据集，以实现以下目标：1.量化当地和跨界社会融合对 26认知功能和认知功能障碍。2.估计局部和交叉影响的程度- 社会整合对认知功能的影响主要有a)解释和b)抑郁修正。3.测试 28当地和跨界社会融合的能力，以改变ELSED对认知功能的影响。这个 29《预期结果》是一项关于社会融合对认知的纵向影响的严格的跨国研究 30墨西哥裔老年人的结果。目标3也将作为研究的方法论测试案例 31个可修改的因素，可能缓冲ELSED对认知老化的不利影响。

1 PROJECT ABSTRACT 23 disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Nevertheless, almost nothing is known about the impact of social 4 integration on the risk of ADRDs for older Mexican-origin adults. Latinos, including Mexican-origin individuals, Greater integration within family and community networks has been linked to lower risk of Alzheimer's 5 will account for nearly 20% of the older adult population by 2050. There is consequently a critical need to 6 understand the impact of social factors on ADRDs risk for this increasingly important segment of the U.S. older 7 adult population. This research should take into account the specific context of social networks for Mexican- 8 origin older adults. In particular, many Mexican-origin older adults in both the U.S. and Mexico may have 9 geographically dispersed family networks as the result of U.S. migration. Family members living across borders 10 may continue to serve as sources of emotional support. On the other hand, dispersed family networks may 11 entail diminished emotional supports for older adults. Surprisingly little is known about how social integration 12 within local or cross-border family networks impacts cognitive outcomes. The research component of this 13 mentored career development award will apply novel epidemiologic tools to quantify the impact of local and 14 cross-border social integration on cognitive outcomes for older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico 15 and identify the degree to which these effects may be explained by or modified by late-life depression. The 16 proposed research will also examine the potential for both local and cross-border social integration to buffer 17 the adverse impact of early-life socio-economic disadvantage (ELSED) on cognitive outcomes for Mexican- 18 origin older adults. This mentored career development award proposes three areas of training that will allow 19 the candidate to develop an independent research career focused on the epidemiology of cognitive aging in 20 cross-national contexts: 1) cognitive aging subject matter, 2) causal inference and causal mediation methods, 21 and 3) cross-national data harmonization. The specific aims will be achieved using data from two longitudinal 22 studies of older Mexican-origin adults in the U.S. and Mexico – the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging 23 and the Mexican Health and Aging Study – that are unique in their inclusion of both local and cross-border 24 social integration measures. These studies will be used individually and as part of a harmonized cross-national 25 dataset to carry out the following aims: 1. Quantify the effects of local and cross-border social integration on 26 cognitive function and cognitive impairment. 2. Estimate the degree to which the effects of local and cross- 27 border social integration on cognitive function are a) explained by and b) modified by depression. 3. Test the 28 capacity for local and cross-border social integration to modify the impact of ELSED on cognitive function. The 29 expected outcome is a rigorous cross-national study of the longitudinal impact of social integration on cognitive 30 outcomes for Mexican-origin older adults. Aim 3 will also serve as a methodological test case for research on 31 modifiable factors that might buffer the adverse impact of ELSED on cognitive aging.