Mentorship and Patient-Oriented Research in Tuberculosis, HIV and Global Health

结核病、艾滋病毒和全球健康领域的指导和以患者为导向的研究

• 批准号: 9064704
• 负责人: Neel Rajnikant Gandhi
• 金额: $ 17.38万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9064704
• 关键词: Adherence; Area; Award; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Communities; Degree program; Discrimination; Disease Outbreaks; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in tuberculosis; Ensure; Environment; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiologic Studies; Extreme drug resistant tuberculosis; Fellowship; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Genetic Polymorphism; Genome; Genomics; Genotype; Genus Mycobacterium; Goals; HIV; HIV antiretroviral; Health; Human; Human Resources; Immunology; In Vitro; Individual; Infection Control; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Location; M. tuberculosis genome; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Mid-Career Clinical Scientist Award (K24); Minisatellite Repeats; Multi-Drug Resistance; Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Pathogenicity; Pathway Analysis; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Predisposition; Prevalence; Province; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Research; Research Personnel; Resistance; Resistance development; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Rifampin; Rural; Scientist; Series; Site; Social Network; South Africa; Structure; Techniques; Therapeutic; Time; Training; Translational Research; Treatment Protocols; Tuberculosis; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; acquired drug resistance; antiretroviral therapy; career; co-infection; community setting; cost; design; extensive drug resistance; fitness; follow-up; genome sequencing; global health; individual patient; innovation; insight; isoniazid; mortality; mycobacterial; next generation; novel; patient oriented; patient oriented research; prevent; programs; resistance mutation; resistant strain; response; skills; tool; transmission process; treatment adherence; treatment program; tuberculosis treatment; whole genome

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neel Gandhi, M.D., is a physician-scientist at Emory's Rollins School of Public Health with 80% effort dedicated to patient-oriented research (POR). He seeks funding through the K24 Midcareer Investigator Award to expand his POR program in drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB), HIV and global health, and to mentor clinical investigators in these areas. The intersection between drug-resistant TB and HIV is an emerging global public health issue which threatens a decade of gains in TB control. There is a growing need for innovative research in TB genomics, immunology, and therapeutics, in addition to developing a pool of scientists trained in TB/HIV and global health POR. Dr. Gandhi has demonstrated a commitment to clinical, epidemiologic and translational research in TB/HIV and global health over the past decade, including a strong record of successfully mentoring 24 trainees, to date. Emory University provides a robust environment for training clinical investigators through its degree programs (MPH, MS, PhD), post-doctoral fellowships and multi-disciplinary centers (CTSA, CFAR, Global Health). Within this highly conducive training environment, Dr. Gandhi has created a comprehensive mentoring program that focuses on the design and responsible conduct of hypothesis-driven research to assist trainees in becoming independent investigators. This K24 award will greatly facilitate the PI's immediate and long-term career goals, which include to: 1) Understand how whole genome sequencing can further elucidate mechanisms of acquired resistance and transmission in drug- resistant TB epidemics; 2) Advance his knowledge of human immunology to inform future studies of increased TB susceptibility among HIV-infected individuals; 3) Expand clinical trials skills to facilitate the design and implementation of drug-resistant TB and TB/HIV trials; and 4) Enhance the structure and content of his mentorship of trainees pursuing careers in patient- oriented TB, HIV and Global Health research. This award will utilize a framework of multiple NIH-funded studies in drug-resistant TB and HIV in South Africa to investigate two novel specific research aims: 1) To examine polymorphisms in the M.tuberculosis genome which arise among MDR TB subjects who develop additional resistance on treatment, and 2) To investigate the incremental yield of whole genome sequencing in identifying micro-clusters of XDR TB transmission in large genotypic clusters. The K24 award will allow Dr. Gandhi to continue his highly-successful research program in TB, HIV and global health, and mentor the next generation of investigators in this vital research field.

描述（由申请人提供）：Neel Gandhi，M.D.，是埃默里大学罗林斯公共卫生学院的一名医生兼科学家，80%的精力致力于以患者为导向的研究（POR）。他通过K24中期职业研究者奖寻求资金，以扩大他在耐药结核病（TB），艾滋病毒和全球健康方面的POR计划，并指导这些领域的临床研究人员。耐药结核病和艾滋病毒之间的交叉是一个新出现的全球公共卫生问题，威胁到结核病控制十年来取得的成果。除了培养一批在结核病/艾滋病毒和全球卫生POR方面受过培训的科学家外，对结核病基因组学、免疫学和治疗学的创新研究的需求日益增长。甘地博士在过去十年中致力于结核病/艾滋病毒和全球健康方面的临床、流行病学和转化研究，迄今为止成功指导了24名学员。埃默里大学通过其学位课程（MPH，MS，PhD），博士后奖学金和多学科中心（CTSA，CFAR，Global Health）为培训临床研究人员提供了强大的环境。在这个非常有利的培训环境中，甘地博士创建了一个全面的指导计划，重点是假设驱动的研究的设计和负责任的行为，以帮助学员成为独立的调查人员。这个K24奖项将极大地促进PI的近期和长期职业目标，其中包括：1）了解全基因组测序如何进一步阐明耐药结核病流行中的获得性耐药和传播机制; 2）提高他对人类免疫学的认识，为未来艾滋病毒感染者对结核病易感性增加的研究提供信息; 3）扩大临床试验技能，以促进耐药结核病和结核病/艾滋病毒试验的设计和实施;和4）加强他对在以病人为导向的结核病、艾滋病毒和全球卫生研究领域从事职业的学员的指导的结构和内容。该奖项将利用美国国立卫生研究院资助的多项南非耐药结核病和艾滋病毒研究的框架，调查两个新的具体研究目标：1）检查在治疗时产生额外耐药性的MDR TB受试者中出现的结核分枝杆菌基因组中的多态性，2）研究全基因组测序在大基因型群中鉴定XDR TB传播微群的增量产量。K24奖将使甘地博士能够继续他在结核病，艾滋病和全球健康方面非常成功的研究计划，并指导这一重要研究领域的下一代研究人员。