Impact of insecticide resistance on the behavior and fitness of malaria vectors

杀虫剂耐药性对疟疾病媒行为和适应性的影响

• 批准号: 9882939
• 负责人: YAW ASARE AFRANE
• 金额: $ 13.21万
• 依托单位: COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9882939
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Age; Anopheles gambiae; Antimalarials; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Child; Clinical; Culicidae; Development; Disease; Disease model; Ecology; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Evolution; Fertility; Goals; Incidence; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticides; Institutes; Intervention; Kenya; Larva; Life Tables; Malaria; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Policy Maker; Population; Predisposition; Public Health; Residual state; Resistance; Resistance development; Rest; Sahara; Sampling; Site; Survival Rate; Testing; Time; Vectorial capacity; base; cost; density; design; epidemiological model; feeding; fight against; fitness; intervention program; life history; malaria mosquito; malaria transmission; optimism; predictive modeling; pressure; public health relevance; reproductive; reproductive fitness; scale up; success; survivorship; tool; trait; vector; vector control; vector mosquito

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria is still a major public health problem in Africa despite the continuous deployment of interventions within the region. Vector control is one of the important strategies being used in the fight against malaria. These efforts include large-scale distribution of long-lasting impregnated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Although these control measures have been successful in reducing malaria incidence since its initial scale-up in early 2000s, within the last few years there has been resurgence of malaria incidence in most parts of Africa, including Kenya. One of the factors that has been implicated in this malaria resurgence is insecticide resistance. The increased use of insecticide-based malaria vector control tools in the past decade have placed greater selection pressure on malaria vector populations resulting in higher rates of the incidence of insecticide resistance tha is likely to impact on the effectiveness of vector control. Despite increased control efforts, ther is evidence of limited impact and a resurgence of clinical malaria in parts of sub-Saharan Africa including Kenya. There is also evidence of shifts in vector behavior and species composition. There is pressing need to develop viable insecticide resistance management strategies. These strategies are predicated upon better understanding of the effects of insecticide resistance on vector behavior and fitness. The overall objective of this application is to determine the effect o insecticide resistance on the behavior and fitness of the main malaria vectors of Sub-Saharan Africa, Anopheles gambiae, An. arabiensis and An. funestus, and their impact on malaria transmission in Kenya. The long-term objective is to determine the changes in the ecology of malaria vector species during the period of most intensive malaria intervention programs in Africa. I have designed 3 specific aims to achieve this objectives. This will be the first study tht will analyze and quantify behavioral resistance in the three main major malaria vector species in Africa using different insecticides. In Aim 1, we will determine how evolution of insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes affects their feeding and resting behavior. Insecticide resistance could affect mosquitoes to adapt behaviorally and therefore change from feeding indoors to outdoors and resting outdoors because of pressure from the use of LLINs and IRS, which are indoor based. These behavioral changes will likely affect vector potential to transmit malaria. Aim 2 will test how insecticide resistance in vectors affects their fitness for development, survivorship, reproductive potential and infectiousness. The actual cost of the fitness needs to be studied to understand how the development of resistance affects the vectorial capacity of these vectors. Aim 3 is to predict and validate the consequences of insecticide resistance on malaria transmission which is important in helping policy makers to better parameterize models that guide malaria interventions. Results from this study will help understand the mechanisms for malaria resurgence in Africa, help to come out with better strategies to manage insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and help in coming up with models for malaria vector control.

 描述（由适用提供）：疟疾仍然是非洲目的地的主要公共卫生问题，该地区内部的干预措施不断部署。矢量控制是在对抗疟疾的斗争中使用的重要策略之一。这些努力包括大规模分布持久的浸渍网（LLIN）和室内残留喷涂（IRS）。尽管自2000年代初以来，这些控制措施已经成功地减少了疟疾事件，但在过去几年中，包括肯尼亚在内的大部分地区，疟疾事件发生了复兴。在此疟疾事件中实现的因素之一是抗杀虫剂。在过去的十年中，基于杀虫剂的疟疾载体控制工具的使用增加对疟疾载体种群的选择压力更大，导致杀虫剂耐药性较高，可能会影响矢量控制的有效性。尽管控制努力增加了，但在包括肯尼亚在内的撒哈拉以南非洲的部分地区的影响有限和临床疟疾的恢复的证据。也有证据表明矢量行为和物种组成的变化。迫切需要制定可行的绝缘抵抗管理策略。这些策略是可以更好地理解绝缘性对向量行为和适应性的影响的预测。该应用的总体目的是确定o杀虫剂耐药性对撒哈拉以南非洲主要疟疾载体的行为和适应性，Anopheles Gambiae，An。阿拉伯语和Funestus及其对肯尼亚疟疾传播的影响。长期目标是确定非洲最密集的疟疾干预计划期间疟疾载体物种生态学的变化。我设计了3个特定目标来实现这一目标。这将是第一个研究将使用不同的杀虫剂分析和量化非洲三种主要疟疾载体物种的行为抗性。在AIM 1中，我们将确定媒介蚊子中绝缘的演变如何影响其喂养和静止行为。杀虫剂的耐药性可能会影响蚊子以行为适应，因此由于使用LLINS和IRS的压力，其压力是基于室内的，因此从室内喂食到室外和户外休息。这些行为变化可能会影响向媒介传播疟疾的潜力。 AIM 2将测试媒介中杀虫剂的耐药性如何影响其发育，生存，生殖潜力和感染性的适应性。需要研究健身的实际成本，以了解阻力的发展如何影响这些向量的媒介能力。 AIM 3是预测和验证杀虫剂对疟疾传播的后果，这对于帮助制定者更好地参数化指导疟疾干预的模型很重要。这项研究的结果将有助于了解非洲疟疾恢复的机制，有助于提出更好的策略来管理疟疾媒介的杀虫剂耐药性，并有助于提出疟疾载体控制模型。