Functional-neuroanatomy of high-level visual cortex: a quantitative multimodal approach

高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学：定量多模式方法

• 批准号: 9883393
• 负责人: Kalanit Grill-Spector
• 金额: $ 38.56万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883393
• 关键词: Address; Anatomy; Architecture; Attention; Brain; Clinical; Computer Models; Coupled; Coupling; Data; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dyslexia; Face; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Future; Histologic; Human; Individual; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Link; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Myelin; Neuroanatomy; Outcome; Perception; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Positioning Attribute; Property; Relaxation; Research; Role; Societies; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Tissues; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Fields; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visual system structure; autism spectrum disorder; developmental prosopagnosia; gray matter; imaging modality; improved; in vivo; in vivo imaging; innovation; millisecond; multimodality; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; noninvasive diagnosis; novel; predicting response; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; scaffold; segregation; spatiotemporal; tool; visual stimulus; white matter

Project Summary/Abstract Perception of ecologically relevant visual stimuli such as faces and bodies is achieved through two processing streams extending from early visual cortex (EVC) to lateral occipito-temporal cortex (LOTC) and ventral temporal cortex (VTC), respectively. However, if and how the underlying microstructure and white matter connections constrain the functional organization and support neural computations in these visual streams remains poorly understood. Leveraging advancements achieved in the prior funding period, we propose a unique multimodal approach, combining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), quantitative MRI (qMRI), diffusion MRI (dMRI), anatomical quantification, and innovative computational modeling to elucidate how structural factors constrain the functional organization of LOTC and VTC. The research has three main aims. Aim 1 will test a quantitative model of functional-anatomical correspondence in high-level visual cortex. Using fMRI, analysis of micro- and macro-structure, the research will quantify the correspondence between macroanatomical landmarks, cytoarchitecture, and functional regions in LOTC and VTC. Aim 2 will determine how white matter connections regulate the functional organization of high-level visual cortex. Using dMRI and fMRI this aim will test (i) if different white matter connections from EVC to downstream regions contribute to the segregation of functional regions within and across visual streams, and (ii) if the eccentricity of the origin of these white matter connections impacts the visual field coverage of downstream regions. Aim 3 will develop and test a spatiotemporal population receptive field model of responses in visual cortex. This aim will provide not only an innovative approach using fMRI and computational modeling to predict responses to a large range of stimuli that vary in size, position, timing, and duration, but will also provide a quantitative framework to test the impact of top-down attention on basic visual computations. Overall, the proposed research will significantly advance understanding of high-level vision by filling in longstanding gaps in knowledge. The research will (1) provide a parsimonious model of how the microstructure and connections scaffold the function and computations of both ventral and lateral streams, (2) break new ground in computational models of visual cortex, and (3) generate innovative multimodal in vivo methods to quantify microstructural properties of visual cortex. Together, the research has important implications for clinical conditions that are associated with malfunction of high-level vision including developmental prosopagnosia, autism, and dyslexia.

项目概要/摘要 对生态相关视觉刺激（例如面部和身体）的感知是通过以下方式实现的 从早期视觉皮层（EVC）延伸到枕颞外侧的两个处理流 分别是皮层（LOTC）和腹侧颞叶皮层（VTC）。然而，如果以及如何 底层的微观结构和白质连接限制了功能组织和 支持这些视觉流中的神经计算仍然知之甚少。杠杆作用 上一资助期间取得的进展，我们提出了一种独特的多式联运方法， 结合功能磁共振成像 (fMRI)、定量 MRI (qMRI)、扩散 MRI （dMRI）、解剖量化和创新计算模型来阐明如何 结构性因素限制了LOTC和VTC的功能组织。该研究有三 主要目标。目标 1 将测试功能解剖学对应的定量模型 高级视觉皮层。利用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）分析微观和宏观结构，该研究将 量化宏观解剖标志、细胞结构和 LOTC 和 VTC 中的功能区域。目标 2 将确定白质如何连接 调节高级视觉皮层的功能组织。使用 dMRI 和 fMRI Target 将测试 (i) 从 EVC 到下游区域的不同白质连接是否有贡献 视觉流内和视觉流之间功能区域的隔离，以及（ii）如果偏心率 这些白质连接的起源影响下游的视野覆盖 地区。目标 3 将开发并测试时空群体感受野模型 视觉皮层的反应。这一目标不仅提供了一种使用功能磁共振成像的创新方法 和计算模型来预测对各种大小不同的刺激的反应， 位置、时机和持续时间，但还将提供一个定量框架来测试影响 对基本视觉计算的自上而下的关注。总体而言，拟议的研究将显着 通过填补长期存在的知识空白来促进对高层次视觉的理解。这 研究将（1）提供一个关于微观结构和连接如何的简约模型 支撑腹侧流和侧流的功能和计算，(2) 开辟新天地 视觉皮层的计算模型，以及（3）生成创新的多模式体内方法 量化视觉皮层的微观结构特性。总之，这项研究具有重要意义 对与高级视力障碍相关的临床状况的影响 包括发育性面容失认症、自闭症和阅读障碍。