Visual Cortex as a Window to Microstructural and Functional Development of the Human Brain
视觉皮层是人脑微观结构和功能发育的窗口
基本信息
- 批准号:10612974
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 59.9万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2022
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2022-05-01 至 2026-04-30
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AgeAstrocytesBiologicalBiological MarkersBrainCategoriesCellsChildhoodClinicalCollaborationsContrast SensitivityCoupledCustomDataDevelopmentDiagnosisDiffusionDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGene ExpressionGenerationsGenesGoalsHistologicHistologyHumanHuman DevelopmentImaging DeviceIndividualInfantInfant DevelopmentIronKnowledgeLifeLinkMeasurementMeasuresMethodologyMethodsMissionMolecularMultimodal ImagingMyelinNeuronsOligodendrogliaOutcomePathway interactionsPersonal SatisfactionProliferatingRelaxationResearchSamplingSignal PathwaySocietiesStructureSystems DevelopmentTemporal LobeTestingTissue SampleTissue-Specific Gene ExpressionTissuesVisionVisualVisual CortexVisual SystemVulnerable Populationsarea striatacell typeclinically significantcomputerized toolsextrastriate visual cortexgray matterimaging modalityimprovedin vivoinfancyinnovationinventionmultimodal neuroimagingmyelinationneuroimagingneuromechanismnovelopen sourceresponsetooltranscriptomicsvision developmentwhite matter
项目摘要
Project Summary
Babies are a highly vulnerable population for which the ability to diagnose atypical vs. typical visual cortex
development and intervene early could not be of greater importance. However, how infant visual cortex develops
microstructurally and functionally is largely unknown outside primary visual cortex (V1). The goal of this research
is to fill glaring gaps in knowledge by: (i) Using innovative quantitative (qMRI), diffusion (dMRI), and functional
(fMRI) magnetic resonance imaging, to longitudinally measure and examine the relationship between
microstructural and functional development of the human visual system during the first two years of life (Aim 1).
(ii) Using advanced histological and quantitative methods in pediatric samples of visual cortex, determine the
biological underpinnings of microstructural development (Aim 2). Specifically, Aim 1a will use qMRI and dMRI
to longitudinally measure the microstructural development of infant visual cortex from 0-24 months. We will: (i)
test if development varies across visual areas, and (ii) examine if microstructural development is associated with
tissue pruning or proliferation. Aim 1b will use dMRI and qMRI to longitudinally measure the microstructural
development of the white matter tracts of the infant visual system from 0-24 months and examine the relation
between white and gray matter development. Aim 1c will use fMRI to: (i) examine the development of cortical
responses to visual contrast, which rely on processing in V1, and responses to visual categories, which rely on
processing in high-level visual regions in ventral temporal cortex (VTC), and (ii) determine if and how functional
development is related to microstructural development in the same infants. Aim 2 will augment and validate in
vivo metrics using ex vivo histology in tissue samples of 0-24 months-olds. Aim 2a will use quantitative histology
to (i) measure the development of cortical myelination in V1 and VTC, and (ii) relate histological data to in vivo
metrics to determine which neuroimaging metrics are coupled with myelination. Aim 2b will: (i) quantify the
densities of multiple cell types (all cells, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes) in V1 and VTC, and (ii) test
if development varies across cortical expanses and if it is tied to myelination. Aim 2c will use transcriptomic
analyses to determine gene expression pathways and elucidate molecular signaling pathways associated with
microstructural development in V1 and VTC. The proposed research is highly innovative and groundbreaking as
it will provide the first combined in vivo and ex vivo measurements of the microstructural and functional
development of human visual cortex in infancy. This research is important as it will not only fill significant gaps
in knowledge but also will develop novel, cutting-edge, and open-source methodologies for quantitative
measurements of cortical microstructure that are linked to biological mechanisms. Thus, the proposed research
has broad societal and clinical impact as it will lead to development of non-invasive biomarkers to diagnosis
atypical visual cortex development in infants, leading to early inventions and better life-long outcomes.
项目摘要
婴儿是一个非常脆弱的群体,诊断非典型视觉皮层与典型视觉皮层的能力
发展和及早干预是最重要。然而,婴儿的视觉皮层是如何发育的,
在初级视觉皮层(V1)之外,微结构和功能在很大程度上是未知的。本研究的目的
通过以下方式填补知识的巨大空白:(i)使用创新的定量(qMRI),扩散(dMRI)和功能
(fMRI)磁共振成像,纵向测量和检查之间的关系,
人类视觉系统在生命最初两年的微观结构和功能发育(目标1)。
(ii)使用先进的组织学和定量方法,在儿童视皮层样本中,
微结构发展的生物学基础(目标2)。具体而言,目标1a将使用qMRI和dMRI
纵向测量0-24月龄婴幼儿视皮层的微结构发育。我们将:
测试发展是否在视觉区域之间变化,以及(ii)检查微结构发展是否与
组织修剪或增殖。目的1b将使用dMRI和qMRI纵向测量显微结构
0-24个月婴儿视觉系统的白色物质束的发育,并检查
在白色和灰质发育之间。目的1c将使用功能磁共振成像:(i)检查皮质发育
对视觉对比的反应,依赖于V1中的处理,以及对视觉类别的反应,依赖于
在腹侧颞叶皮层(VTC)的高级视觉区域的处理,以及(ii)确定是否以及如何功能
发育与同一婴儿的微结构发育有关。Aim 2将在
使用0-24个月龄组织样本的离体组织学进行体内指标。目标2a将使用定量组织学
(i)测量V1和VTC中皮质髓鞘形成的发展,以及(ii)将组织学数据与体内
这些指标用于确定哪些神经成像指标与髓鞘形成相关联。目标2b将:(i)量化
V1和VTC中多种细胞类型(所有细胞、神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞)的密度,以及(ii)测试
如果发育在不同的皮层扩张中变化,如果它与髓鞘形成有关。Aim 2c将使用转录组学
分析以确定基因表达途径并阐明与以下相关的分子信号传导途径
V1和VTC的显微结构发展。拟议的研究具有高度创新性和开创性,
它将提供第一个结合在体内和体外测量的微观结构和功能,
人类视觉皮层在婴儿期的发育。这项研究很重要,因为它不仅将填补重大空白,
知识,而且还将开发新的,尖端的,开源的定量方法,
皮质微结构的测量与生物机制有关。因此,建议的研究
具有广泛的社会和临床影响,因为它将导致非侵入性生物标志物的发展,以诊断
婴儿的非典型视觉皮层发育,导致早期发明和更好的终身结果。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Kalanit Grill-Spector其他文献
Kalanit Grill-Spector的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Kalanit Grill-Spector', 18)}}的其他基金
Neuroimaging and histological investigations of human visual cortex development
人类视觉皮层发育的神经影像学和组织学研究
- 批准号:
10017244 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Neuroimaging and histological investigations of human visual cortex development
人类视觉皮层发育的神经影像学和组织学研究
- 批准号:
9806161 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of high-level visual cortex: a quantitative multimodal approach
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式方法
- 批准号:
10553230 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of High-level Visual Cortex: A Quantitative Multimodal Ap
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式应用
- 批准号:
8721703 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of high-level visual cortex: a quantitative multimodal approach
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式方法
- 批准号:
10357739 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of High-level Visual Cortex: A Quantitative Multimodal Ap
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式应用
- 批准号:
9306099 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of high-level visual cortex: a quantitative multimodal approach
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式方法
- 批准号:
10087937 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of High-level Visual Cortex: A Quantitative Multimodal Ap
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式应用
- 批准号:
8857322 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of High-level Visual Cortex: A Quantitative Multimodal Ap
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式应用
- 批准号:
9511829 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
Functional-neuroanatomy of high-level visual cortex: a quantitative multimodal approach
高级视觉皮层的功能神经解剖学:定量多模式方法
- 批准号:
9883393 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 59.9万 - 项目类别:
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