Cortical Spatial Processing for Solving the Cocktail Party Problem

解决鸡尾酒会问题的皮质空间处理

• 批准号: 9753613
• 负责人: Xue Han
• 金额: $ 72.02万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-15 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9753613
• 关键词: Animals; Auditory; Auditory area; Auditory system; Biological; Brain; Cochlear Implants; Code; Communication; Complex; Complex Mixtures; Computer Simulation; Data; Development; Dimensions; Discrimination; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Goals; Head; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Hearing problem; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Interneurons; Lead; Location; Measures; Mus; Music; Neurons; Noise; Outcome; Performance; Play; Positioning Attribute; Problem Solving; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Role; Songbirds; Source; Speech; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Time; Work; auditory stimulus; awake; base; cell type; excitatory neuron; experimental study; hearing impairment; improved; inhibitory neuron; insight; neural circuit; normal hearing; novel; novel therapeutics; optogenetics; predictive modeling; relating to nervous system; response; sound; tool; voltage

The ability of our auditory systems to recognize target sounds in a mixture of other sounds is fundamental to normal healthy function and communication. For example, during the course of a normal day we must communicate with a conversation partner in the presence of other sounds, e.g., other people talking, music, sound of cars etc. Like humans, many animals are capable of listening to a single sound source in a mixture of sources. Thus, neural circuits for solving the CPP also likely exist in animals. This proposal, will investigate how the auditory cortex contributes to solving this problem by unraveling cortical circuitry that underlies the processing of complex sound mixtures, using powerful experimental tools available in mice. By providing new insights into cortical mechanisms that help solve this problem in the normal brain, this proposal may impact the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the hearing impaired, who have great difficulty solving this problem, and improve hearing assistive devices, e.g., hearing aids and cochlear implants.

我们的听觉系统在其他声音的混合中识别目标声音的能力是最基本的 正常的健康功能和沟通。例如，在正常的一天中，我们必须 在存在其他声音的情况下与会话伙伴进行通信，例如，其他人的谈话， 音乐，汽车的声音等。像人类一样，许多动物能够听到单一的声源， 混合的来源。因此，解决CPP的神经回路也可能存在于动物中。这项提议， 我将研究听觉皮层如何通过解开皮层回路来解决这个问题 这是使用中提供的强大实验工具处理复杂声音混合的基础 小鼠通过提供对大脑皮层机制的新见解， 大脑，这一建议可能会影响新的治疗策略的发展，为听力受损， 他们在解决这个问题上有很大的困难，并改进听力辅助设备，例如，助听器 和人工耳蜗