Relationship of Parental Health Literacy with Change Over Time in Oral Health Outcomes Among American Indian Children

美洲印第安人儿童父母健康素养与口腔健康结果随时间变化的关系

• 批准号: 9889105
• 负责人: Angela Gwen Brega
• 金额: $ 29.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-06 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9889105
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Age-Months; Alaska Native; American Indians; Attitude; Attitude to Health; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Child; Childhood; Collaborations; Colorado; Communities; Consumption; Control Groups; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Dental Care; Dental caries; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Ethnic group; Etiology; Evaluation; Fluorides; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health behavior; Inequality; Information Services; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Mediating; Medical; Methodology; Modeling; Mothers; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; Newborn Infant; Oral health; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pine Ridge Indian Reservation; Play; Population; Populations at Risk; Process; Race; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk Factors; Sampling; Science; Self Care; South Dakota; Speech; Strategic Planning; Techniques; Testing; Time; Tooth structure; Universities; Work; Writing; advanced analytics; behavior change; behavioral outcome; cost effective; deciduous tooth; design; early childhood; experience; group intervention; health knowledge; health literacy; high risk population; improved; insight; interest; literate; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal dataset; motivational enhancement therapy; parental role; prevent; recruit; secondary analysis; skills; sugar; theories; therapy development; trial design

Project Summary “Health literacy” (HL) refers to “the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.” Among American Indians and Alaska Natives, 48% of adults have limited HL. This high rate of limitations is concerning given that restricted HL is related to poor health-related knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and outcomes. Although it is clear that HL limitations among parents are related to suboptimal outcomes in children, few studies have examined the link between parental HL (PHL) and children's oral health. Further, because prior studies have used cross-sectional data, it is unclear whether PHL is related to change over time in children's oral health. The objective of the project is to investigate the association of PHL with change over time in pediatric oral health outcomes and to clarify the mechanisms that explain the PHL-outcomes relationship. The role of PHL will be explored in a sample of American Indians, a population at risk for poor oral health. Indeed, by age 5, 75% of Native children have dental decay. Using secondary data from the NIDCR-funded project “Promoting Behavioral Change for Oral Health in American Indian Mothers and Children” (PBC; U54DE019259), the research team will use advanced analytic techniques to test a theoretical framework designed to clarify the mechanisms through which PHL is linked to pediatric oral health outcomes. The mediating roles of parental oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior will be examined. The PBC project is a randomized controlled trial designed to test the impact of a motivational interviewing intervention on parental oral health knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and pediatric oral health outcomes. The analysis sample will include 575 parent-child dyads recruited when the child was a newborn and followed for 3 years. The specific aims of the study are the following: (1) Using baseline data, assess the relationship of PHL with parental oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior; (2) Using longitudinal data, determine the relationship of baseline PHL with change over time in parental oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, and with pediatric oral health outcomes; and (3) Determine whether the proposed theoretical framework accurately explains the relationships among baseline PHL; parental oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior; and pediatric oral health outcomes. The proposed project will be the first to examine the association of PHL with change over time in children's oral health outcomes and to clarify the mechanisms that explain that relationship. As testing of a comprehensive conceptual model of PHL has not been conducted, the study's results will advance science related to PHL and inform development of effective oral health interventions for American Indians and other high-risk populations. In addition, this work will provide a critical evaluation of the role PHL plays in the oral health of Native communities, a population at risk for limited PHL and poor pediatric oral health outcomes. The project addresses NIDCR's aims to overcome disparities in oral health and to examine risk factors and mechanisms of behavior change in oral health.

项目总结