Influence of Attentional Control on Protective Arm Responses to Balance Perturbations in Older Adults.
Influence of Attentional Control on Protective Arm Responses to Balance Perturbations in Older Adults.
批准号:
9765136
负责人:
Kelly Westlake
金额:
$7.73万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-09-01 至 2022-05-31
关键词:
AgeAgingAreaAttentionBalance trainingBrainCognitiveControl GroupsCraniocerebral TraumaCuesDataEducational InterventionEffectivenessElderlyEquilibriumEvaluationFall injuryFall preventionFrequenciesFrightFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingGoalsHealthHome environmentIncidenceIndividualInjuryInterruptionInterventionLeadLinkLower ExtremityModelingNeurocognitiveNeurocognitive DeficitPeripheralPhysical RehabilitationPreventionPreventive InterventionPublic HealthRecoveryReflex actionRehabilitation therapyResearchRoleSafetySecureSensoryShort-Term MemorySurfaceTargeted ResearchTestingThinkingTrainingTraining ProgramsTraumatic Brain InjuryUpper Extremityage relatedarmarm movementattentional controlbasecognitive rehabilitationcognitive taskcognitive testingdesignfallsfootgraspimprovednovelresponsesensory stimulusyoung adult
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
As a leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries in older individuals, falls are a significant health concern and
one of the most feared consequences of aging. Although numerous rehabilitation interventions have been
developed to improve balance in older adults, these improvements do not effectively reduce the incidence of
falls and fall related injuries. Moreover, such interventions have been nearly exclusively focused on enhancing
lower limb responses, while training directed towards the upper limb is commonly overlooked. In confined areas,
such as the bathroom, where the majority of indoor falls occur, lower limb stepping recovery strategies are
restricted and movements of the arms to grasp stable surfaces and secure balance or protect against ground
impact become crucial to the prevention of head trauma and other major injuries. Another key consideration is
that online sensory information detecting base of support perturbations such as slips or trips is often unreliable
with age, potentially rendering a reflexively triggered stepping or protective arm response ineffective due to timing
delays, direction errors, or reduced extent. We, and others, have shown an increased use of the reach-grasp
response in older compared to younger adults, but with markedly decreased effectiveness, particularly among
those who have previously fallen. The overall objective of this proposal is to investigate the effect of attention
switching on reach-grasp stabilizing responses during fall-induced perturbations. The central hypothesis is that
added challenges to attention shifting from internally-directed, highly engaging and stressful thoughts towards
external sensory stimuli reflecting balance instability will delay the triggering of reach execution timing and reduce
grasping accuracy that will be improved with cognitive-sensorimotor training. This research will mark the first
characterization of the role of attention shifting on protective arm responses and fall rate during a balance
perturbation paradigm and the first fully integrated cognitive and physical rehabilitation intervention, moving
beyond correlative designs and parallel treatments. The overall public health significance of the proposed
research is that once the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms to reactive balance responses have been
identified, we will have the necessary steps to support evaluation of a novel attention shifting-reactive balance
training program to enhance balance and prevent falls.
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