AREA II CANCER AND AGING

第二领域癌症与衰老

• 批准号: 8357148
• 负责人: MARK L STEINBERG
• 金额: $ 24.68万
• 依托单位: CITY COLLEGE OF NEW YORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-21 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8357148
• 关键词: African American; Aging; Aging-Related Process; Alaska Native; American Indians; Area; Asians; Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; B-Lymphocytes; Biology; Bronchogenic Carcinoma; Cancer Death Rates; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cell Aging; Cell Communication; Cell Cycle Regulation; Cell Differentiation process; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Chemistry; Collaborations; Colon Carcinoma; Complement; Death Rate; Development; Diagnosis; Drosophila genus; Event; Evolution; Faculty; Female; Funding; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Goals; Grant; Hispanics; Human; Human Herpesvirus 8; Immune; Immune system; Immunology; Incidence; Individual; Interest Group; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Malignant neoplasm of liver; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of prostate; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Microbiology; Minority; Molecular; National Center for Research Resources; Organism; Pacific Island Americans; Participant; Physics; Pilot Projects; Population; Positioning Attribute; Principal Investigator; Recruitment Activity; Rectal Cancer; Regulation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Signal Pathway; Site Visit; Source; Subgroup; Systems Development; T-Lymphocyte; Tumor Biology; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; anticancer research; base; cancer risk; cancer type; cost; interest; malignant breast neoplasm; malignant stomach neoplasm; medical schools; member; men; programs; research and development; statistics; transmission process; web site

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The original goal of Area II, Gene Expression and Regulation, was to understand the mechanisms that control gene expression, so that the molecular events that govern cell differentiation and organism development can be elucidated. There are twelve members of Area II whose interests are diverse, but overlap to form clusters of common interest. All but one of these researchers have been hired within the past ten years. Over the years, the research foci of the various areas has undergone much change due to the many recent advances in these fields that have, in turn, spurred faculty recruitment in the departments of physics, biology and chemistry. Because research in gene expression has diverged into several different foci, Area II has become a somewhat large and disorganized subgroup (as stated in our last NIH site visit). We separated the faculty participants into two new Areas. Members of the old Area II subgroup were re- organized into an Immunology Subgroup, comprised of Drs. Guyden, Balogh-Nair, Boto, Coico, Moore together with the more recent hires: Drs. Gottleib, Spatz, and Pezzano (this will become a new area IV). The goal of Area IV, Immunology, is to understand the cell- to-cell interactions and molecular mechanisms that control the development and function of the immune system. Within the group, a smaller subgroup is focused on the mechanisms that regulate autoimmunity, both at the developmental and regulatory levels. There are six members of Area IV, consisting of 2 research active faculty from the CUNY Medical School department of Microbiology and Immunology and 4 from the department of Biology. William Boto, Shubha Govind and Jerry Guyden were hired through the RCMI grant directly. Mark Pezzano was recruited for a faculty position in the Biology department, after serving as Deputy Director of the RCMI program and collaborating on research projects with Dr. Guyden for several years. Paul Gottlieb and Linda Spatz were hired by the CUNY Medical School and recruited to join the RCMI program because of their active research collaboration focused on autoimmunity when the immunology subgroup was initiated in our last proposal. All of these researchers currently have outside funding for their research projects and many have collaborative projects both within the group and with outside investigators. The research interests of the group are diverse, ranging from studies of innate immune system development and function in Drosophila to KSHV transmission and evolution in humans. We have several investigators who study aspects of immune cell development in both B and T cells and immune system regulation, which are focused on a key question in Immunology as to how the immune system distinguishes self from non-self. These studies are directly relevant to the development of autoimmune diseases. The remaining members of the old Area II will become members of a new subgroup with a research focus on the development of cancer and aging (Area II). The rationale for forming a new cancer subgroup within the RCMI is twofold: 1. Disparities in Cancer incidence and treatment is an issue that particularly impacts minority populations. This point is clearly illustrated by the following statistics taken from the NCI website [ HYPERLINK "http://www.nci.nih.gov/newscenter/healthdisparities%5D" http://www.nci.nih.gov/newscenter/healthdisparities] : -African-Americans have an 8.7% greater incidence of cancer overall, and are 29.1% more likely to die from it than caucasians. - African-American women are 21.6% more likely to be diagnosed with colon and rectal cancers and 5.6% more likely to be diagnosed with lung and bronchial cancers than white women. African-American women also have an 86.4% higher incidence of breast cancer than white women and are 32.0% more likely to die from it. -African-American men are 12.9% more likely to be diagnosed with colon and rectal cancers than white men and are 51.6% more likely to be diagnosed with lung and bronchial cancers. Death rates from these cancers are also higher in African-american men - 37.0% and 36.8% greater death rates than white men for these types of cancers, respectively. - African-American men are also 65.6% more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer and 141.7% more likely to die from it than their white counterparts. - Hispanic women are 82.8% more likely to be diagnosed with cervical cancer and 37.0% more likely to die from it than caucasian females. Asian/Pacific islanders, American indians/Alaskan natives, Hispanics and African Americans all have a higher incidence of liver cancer (187.5%, 22.9%, 89.6%, 43.8% respectively) and stomach cancer (124.7%, 42.9%, 72.7%, 81.8% respectively) than caucasians. 2. There is already significant scientific expertise, and the nucleus for, a cancer group within area II. Drs. Hubbard and Steinberg currently have ongoing research programs in cancer research and are collaborators on an NIH-funded pilot project with Dr. Irene Orlow at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. In addition, Dr. Hubbard wishes to extend her ongoing research on cell senescence to cancer development as a function of the aging process. As there is a well established direct relationship between cancer incidence and aging (summarized in: Ukraintseva, S. and Yashin, A.: Individual Aging and Cancer Risk: Are They Related? Demographic Research 9:164-195, 2003) it is our desire to hire a new researcher with interests in cancer and aging that will complement their research as well as that of other area II faculty with research in related areas such as cell cycle control and signaling pathways - namely Dr. Govind and the recent hire, Gillian Small. In addition, through the efforts of Dr. Hubbard, department of biology recruited Mary Alpaugh from UCLA. She was asked to join the RCMI program because of her exciting project in tumor biology.

该副本是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供。对该子弹的主要支持 而且，副投影的主要研究员可能是其他来源提供的 包括其他NIH来源。 列出的总费用可能 代表subproject使用的中心基础架构的估计量， NCRR赠款不直接向子弹或副本人员提供的直接资金。 II区域的最初目标，基因表达和调节，是要了解 控制基因表达的机制，因此控制细胞的分子事件 可以阐明分化和生物体的发育。有十二位成员 第二区的利益是多种多样的，但重叠以形成共同关注的集群。全部 但是这些研究人员之一在过去十年内被雇用。 多年来，由于 这些领域的许多最新进展反过来刺激了教师的招聘 在物理，生物学和化学部门中。 因为基因研究 表达已经分散成几个不同的焦点，II区域已变为大大 并混乱的子组（如我们上次NIH网站访问中所述）。 我们分开了 教职员工分为两个新领域。 旧区域II子组的成员已重新 组织成由DRS组成的免疫学亚组。盖顿，巴罗奈尔，博托， COICO，Moore以及最近的员工：Drs。 Gottleib，Spatz和Pezzano（这个 将成为一个新区域IV）。 IV区域免疫学的目标是了解细胞 - 控制开发和功能的电池相互作用和分子机制 免疫系统。 在组中，一个较小的亚组专注于 在发育和调节性方面调节自身免疫性的机制 水平。 IV区有六个成员，由CUNY的2位研究学院组成 医学院微生物学和免疫学系，该部门4 生物学。 William Boto，Shubha Govind和Jerry Guyden被RCMI雇用 直接授予。马克·佩扎诺（Mark Pezzano）被招募为生物学的教师职位 部门担任RCMI计划副主任并合作 与盖登博士的研究项目已有几年。 保罗·戈特利布（Paul Gottlieb）和琳达·斯帕茨（Linda Spatz） 由CUNY医学院雇用并招募加入RCMI计划 当免疫学亚组时，主动研究合作重点是自身免疫性 是在我们的最后一个提议中发起的。 所有这些研究人员目前都有外部资金 对于他们的研究项目，许多人都在小组内部都有协作项目 与外部调查人员。 该小组的研究兴趣是多种多样的，从 对果蝇的先天免疫系统发展和功能的研究 人类的传播和进化。 我们有几个研究人员研究方面 B和T细胞中的免疫细胞发育以及免疫系统调节 专注于免疫系统的关键问题 将自我与非自我区分开来。 这些研究与发展直接相关 自身免疫性疾病。旧区域II的其余成员将成为 一个具有研究的新亚组，重点是癌症和衰老的发展（II区）。 在RCMI中形成新的癌症亚组的理由是双重的： 1。癌症发病率和治疗的差异是一个特别影响的问题 少数群体。 以下统计数据清楚地说明了这一点 NCI网站[超链接“ http://www.nci.nih.gov/newscenter/healthdisparities%5d” http://www.nci.nih.gov/newscenter/healthdisparities]： - 非裔美国人总体上的癌症发病率增加了8.7％，为29.1％ 比高加索人更可能死于它。 - 非洲裔美国妇女被诊断为结肠和直肠的可能性高21.6％ 癌症诊断为肺和支气管癌的可能性高5.6％ 女性。 非裔美国妇女的乳腺癌发病率也高出86.4％ 比白人妇女，死亡的可能性高32.0％。 - 非裔美国人被诊断为结肠和直肠的可能性高12.9％ 癌症比白人男性，被诊断出患有肺和的可能性高51.6％。 支气管癌。 这些癌症的死亡率也更高 男性-37.0％和36.8％的死亡率比这类癌症的白人高37.0％， 分别。 - 非洲裔美国男性被诊断出患有前列腺癌的可能性也高65.6％ 与白人同行相比，死于它的可能性高141.7％。 - 西班牙裔女性被诊断出患有宫颈癌的可能性高82.8％，37.0％ 比高加索女性更可能死于它。亚洲/太平洋岛民，美国 印第安人/阿拉斯加人，西班牙裔和非裔美国人的发生率都更高 肝癌（187.5％，22.9％，89.6％，43.8％）和胃癌（124.7％，124.7％ 42.9％，72.7％，81.8％）比高加索人。 2。已经有很大的科学专业知识，而核心的核心是癌症组 在II区域内。 博士。 Hubbard和Steinberg目前正在进行正在进行的研究计划 癌症研究，并且是NIH资助的试点项目的合作者 在纪念斯隆·凯特林癌症中心。 此外，哈伯德博士希望扩展 她正在进行的关于癌症发展的细胞衰老的研究随着衰老的函数 过程。 由于癌症发生率和 衰老（总结：乌克兰塞娃，S。和Yashin，A。：个人衰老和癌症风险： 他们有关系吗？ 人口研究9：164-195，2003）我们希望雇用新的 对癌症和衰老兴趣的研究人员也将补充他们的研究 就像其他区域II教职员工在相关领域的研究，例如细胞周期控制和 信号途径 - Govind博士和最近的雇用Gillian Small。 此外， 通过Hubbard博士的努力，生物学系招募了Mary Alpaugh 加州大学洛杉矶分校。 由于她在肿瘤方面令人兴奋的项目，她被要求加入RCMI计划 生物学。