Dual Sensory Loss: Impact of Vision and Hearing Impairment on Spatial Localization

双重感觉丧失（DSL）是视力和听力损失的共同发生。DSL的流行率上升 随着年龄的增长而急剧上升，预计随着美国人口的老龄化而增加。DSL患者增加了 日常运作困难，因为许多现实生活中的任务需要视觉和听觉。尽管进行了广泛 虽然人们将视力和听力的康复分开来关注，但很少关注 DSL用户面临的具体挑战。候选人的长期目标是提高生活质量， 通过优化使用DSL患者的残余视力和听力，帮助他们独立工作。当前 研究的重点是空间定位。空间定位是指确定声音的方向， 它是环境中的视觉对象，对于安全移动和有效的社会互动非常重要。 在K99阶段，候选人的目标是调查视力和听力缺陷的影响， 单独和组合，对空间定位的人与DSL，并建立一个空间 “视野”测量来表征这些影响。在受控实验室环境中（目标1），候选人计划 测量DSL受试者的定位视野，在视觉，听觉和视听 条件然后，候选人将在两个模拟现实生活任务中测量受试者的定位能力（目标2）： 理解一群人中的说话者，以及定位即将在停车场中移动的汽车。 目标1中的发现将在目标2中与生态相关的社会和流动背景下得到验证。 在R 00阶段，候选人的目标是开发和评估培训方法，可以提高 DSL患者的空间定位能力。候选人提出培训计划需要量身定制 基于对个体空间定位能力的评价。开发了两种训练方法， 目的是重新校准视觉和听觉空间知觉，改善听觉和视觉空间知觉， 定位能力，并促进视听组合，以最大限度地利用剩余的视觉和听觉。 K99阶段将在明尼苏达大学进行，候选人将在那里接受联合指导 由专门从事低视力研究的戈登·莱格博士和专门研究听力损失的佩吉·纳尔逊博士 研究，以及专门从事计算视觉科学的Dan Kersten博士。候选人还将获得 Andrew Oxenham博士在听觉感知方面的出色建议，Erik货车Kuijk博士在眼科方面的出色建议， 伊夫林·戴维斯-维恩医生的听力学指导培训计划旨在扩展候选人的知识， 翻译视觉和听觉科学，多感官建模技术，视觉病理学， 听力障碍，以及评估和康复的当代策略。通过成功的训练， 候选人将独立进行R 00阶段的研究。候选人的职业目标是领导一个 研究团队，以提高生活质量和DSL的人的独立性。

Dual Sensory Loss (DSL) is the co-occurrence of vision and hearing loss. The prevalence of DSL rises steeply with age and is expected to increase as the American population ages. People with DSL have increased difficulties in daily functioning, because many real-life tasks require both vision and hearing. Despite extensive attention to the rehabilitation for vision and hearing loss separately, very little attention has been paid to the specific challenges faced by people with DSL. The candidate’s long term goal is to improve the quality of life and independence of people with DSL by optimizing the utilization of their residual vision and hearing. The current study focuses on their spatial localization. Spatial localization refers to determining the direction of sounds and visual objects in the environment, and it is important for safe mobility and effective social interaction. In the K99 phase, the candidate’s goal is to investigate the impacts of vision and hearing deficits, both individually and in combination, on the spatial localization of people with DSL, and to establish a spatial “perimetry” measure to characterize these effects. In a controlled laboratory context (Aim 1), the candidate plans to measure the localization perimetry of subjects with DSL, in each of the visual, auditory, and audiovisual conditions. The candidate will then measure subjects’ localization ability in two simulated real-life tasks (Aim 2): understanding a speaker among a group of people, and localizing a car that is about to move in a parking lot. The findings in Aim 1 will be verified in these ecologically relevant social and mobility contexts in Aim 2. In the R00 phase, the candidate’s goal is to develop and evaluate training methods that can improve the spatial localization ability of people with DSL. The candidate proposes that a training plan needs to be tailored based on the evaluation of the individual’s spatial localization ability. Two training methods are developed with the purposes of recalibrating the visual and auditory space perception, improving auditory and visual spatial localization ability, and facilitating audiovisual combination to maximize the use of residual vision and hearing. The K99 phase will take place in the University of Minnesota, where the candidate will be jointly mentored by Dr. Gordon Legge who specializes in low-vision research, Dr. Peggy Nelson who specializes in hearing-loss research, and Dr. Dan Kersten who specializes in computational vision science. The candidate will also receive excellent advice in auditory perception from Dr. Andrew Oxenham, in ophthalmology from Dr. Erik van Kuijk and in audiology from Dr. Evelyn Davies-Venn. The training plan is to extend the candidate’s knowledge in translational vision and hearing science, the techniques of multisensory modelling, the pathology of vision and hearing impairment, and the contemporary strategies of assessment and rehabilitation. With successful training, the candidate will independently conduct the studies in the R00 phase. The candidate’s career goal is to lead a research team to improve the life quality and independence of people with DSL.