Race and the transformation of the food environment: Fast food, African Americans, and the color line, 1955-1995

种族与饮食环境的转变：快餐、非裔美国人和肤色界限，1955-1995

• 批准号: 9767277
• 负责人: Naa Oyo A Kwate
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9767277
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Advertising; African American; Archives; Attention; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Books; Businesses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Central City; Chicago; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cities; Code; Collection; Color; Communities; Complex; Country; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Economics; Exposure to; Face; Food; Food Chain; Food Industry; Food production; Grant; Health; Health Sciences; Heart Diseases; High Prevalence; Humanities; Income; Individual; Industrialization; Industry; Inequality; Intervention; Left; Light; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Marketing; Methods; Midwestern United States; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Optics; Ownership; Pattern; Periodicals; Politics; Population; Population Characteristics; Prevalence; Privatization; Process; Public Health; Public Policy; Publishing; Race; Reading; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Restaurants; Risk; Rural Community; Scholarship; Shapes; Site; Social Sciences; Socioeconomic Status; State Government; Time; TimeLine; United States; Washington; Work; adult obesity; base; cancer health disparity; consumer demand; experience; fast food; food environment; fruits and vegetables; health care availability; health data; health disparity; innovation; interest; mortality; obesity risk; public health relevance; response; social; social health determinants; suburb; suburban communities

African Americans suffer from a disproportionate burden of morbidity and mortality from a wide spectrum of conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer, and these disparities are not attributable solely to individual socioeconomic status or access to health care. Research has shown that social determinants are key factors in African American health and health disparities. Evidence is mounting for the health impact of neighborhood context, particularly with regard to the food environment. Several studies have documented that African American communities are disproportionately exposed to fast food, and other studies have shown that exposure to fast food is associated with greater risk of obesity and other chronic disease. What have been little studied are the complex historical drivers of racially patterned exposure to fast food. Research is needed to interrogate the forces that moved fast food from its historical origins of middle-class White suburban and rural communities to the predominantly Black central city. The proposed study seeks to advance research on social determinants of health by conducting historical analyses of the racial transformation of fast food in the U.S. from 1955 to 1995, focusing on large cities with large Black populations in the Midwest and Northeast. Drawing on archival resources from a number of collections, I will produce a book that will be of interest to scholars in public health, the social sciences and the humanities. In so doing, the proposed work will make an innovative contribution to understanding what puts African Americans at risk of health risks.

非洲裔美国人遭受着不成比例的发病率和死亡率负担，来自广泛的 肥胖、糖尿病、心脏病和癌症等疾病，这些差异不能归因于 仅限于个人的社会经济地位或获得医疗保健的机会。研究表明，社交 决定因素是非裔美国人健康和健康差距的关键因素。越来越多的证据表明 社区环境对健康的影响，特别是对食物环境的影响。几项研究已经 记录了非裔美国人社区不成比例地接触快餐，以及其他研究 研究表明，接触快餐会增加患肥胖症和其他慢性病的风险。 鲜有人研究的是快餐暴露于种族模式的复杂历史驱动因素。 需要研究来审问推动快餐从其历史上的中产阶级起源中走出来的力量 白人郊区和农村社区转移到以黑人为主的中心城市。拟议的研究旨在 通过对种族的历史分析促进对健康的社会决定因素的研究 1955-1995年间美国快餐业的变革，主要集中在黑人人口众多的大城市 在中西部和东北部。利用许多收藏中的档案资源，我将制作一个 这本书将引起公共卫生、社会科学和人文科学学者的兴趣。通过这样做， 这项拟议的工作将对了解是什么使非裔美国人面临 健康风险。