Immunologic Effects and a Structural "Countermarketing" Intervention: Racism, the

免疫效应和结构性“反营销”干预：种族主义

• 批准号: 7853512
• 负责人: Naa Oyo A Kwate
• 金额: $ 30.44万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7853512
• 关键词: Address; Advertising; Affect; African American; American; Attention; Behavioral Research; Biological; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Conscious; Enrollment; Health; Health behavior; Hypothalamic structure; Immune; Immunologics; Individual; Inequality; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Metabolic; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Play; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Social Impacts; Stress; System; Testing; Urban Health; Well in self; abstracting; base; brain behavior; experience; health disparity; immune function; novel; physical conditioning; public health relevance; racism; stressor

DESCRIPTION (Provided by the applicant) Abstract: The overall aims of this project are to explore the effects of multiple levels of racism on the immune function, and overall health of urban African Americans, and to test a novel structural-level intervention to reduce the negative impact of racism. Significant disparities in major chronic illnesses continue to describe the current picture of health for African Americans, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and overweight/obesity. Researchers have long understood stress to play a critical role in negative health outcomes, and particular attention has been paid to the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical (HPA) axis as a key pathway. Because experiences with racism constitute a significant stressor in the lives of African Americans, understanding the ways in which racism activates the axis will have profound meaning in addressing the determinants of African American health disparities. More broadly, given the role of the HPA axis in many systems, the proposed research has the potential to uncover critical information on the impact of social processes on overall physical and mental health, and to delineate unstudied paths in brain-behavior relationships. In two sub-studies, the proposed research will enroll urban African Americans from New York City in longitudinal investigations. Study 1 is an investigation of how neighborhood-level institutional racism and perceived individual and collective racism affect immune and metabolic function and overall physical health, psychological well-being, and health behaviors. Study 2 is neighborhood-level intervention to minimize the likelihood of internalized racism, vis-¿vis a racism "countermarketing" campaign. Outdoor advertising will be employed to deliver stark facts about American inequality in predominantly African American neighborhoods, thereby raising consciousness and minimizing negative health outcomes. Taken together, the proposed research attempts to answer two critical unanswered questions in biomedical and behavioral research: 1) How does racism get into the body?; and 2) What do we do about it? Public Health Relevance: Although racism is well known to be a significant life stressor for African Americans, no research has studied the effects racism has on critical biological pathways, such as immune function. Additionally, although other negative effects of racism have been documented, no study has yet created a broad-based intervention to counter the stress of racism on African American lives. The proposed study will do both, which could have a major impact on the reduction of African American health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供） 摘要：该项目的总体目标是探索多层次的种族主义对免疫功能的影响，以及城市非裔美国人的整体健康，并测试一种新的结构性干预措施，以减少种族主义的负面影响。主要慢性病的显著差异继续描述非洲裔美国人目前的健康状况，包括心血管疾病，癌症和超重/肥胖。长期以来，研究人员一直认为压力在负面健康结果中起着关键作用，并且特别关注下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴作为关键途径。由于种族主义的经验构成了一个显着的压力源，在非洲裔美国人的生活，了解种族主义激活轴的方式将有深远的意义，在解决非洲裔美国人的健康差距的决定因素。更广泛地说，鉴于HPA轴在许多系统中的作用，拟议的研究有可能揭示社会过程对整体身心健康影响的重要信息，并描绘大脑行为关系中未研究的路径。在两个子研究中，拟议的研究将招募来自纽约市的城市非洲裔美国人进行纵向调查。研究1是一项关于社区层面的制度性种族主义以及个人和集体种族主义如何影响免疫和代谢功能以及整体身体健康，心理健康和健康行为的调查。研究2是社区一级的干预，以尽量减少内化的种族主义的可能性，维斯维斯种族主义“反营销”运动。户外广告将被用来在主要是非洲裔美国人的社区提供关于美国不平等的赤裸裸的事实，从而提高意识并最大限度地减少负面的健康结果。总的来说，拟议中的研究试图回答生物医学和行为研究中两个关键的未回答的问题：1）种族主义是如何进入人体的？2）我们该怎么办？ 公共卫生相关性：虽然众所周知种族主义是非洲裔美国人的一个重要生活压力源，但没有研究研究过种族主义对关键生物途径的影响，如免疫功能。此外，虽然种族主义的其他负面影响已经记录在案，但还没有任何研究创造了一个基础广泛的干预措施，以消除种族主义对非裔美国人生活的压力。拟议的研究将做到这两点，这可能会对减少非洲裔美国人的健康差距产生重大影响。