Neutrophil Decision Making in Confined Environments in Health and Disease

脓毒症的诊断提出了重大的临床和科学挑战。脓毒症在美国的发病率是美国的两倍 充血性心力衰竭的发病率是结肠癌的6倍，艾滋病发病率的20倍，以及 脓毒症是医疗保险预算中最重要的一项费用。脓毒症的早期和更准确的诊断 可以挽救生命，降低成本，改善治疗。然而，今天早期脓毒症诊断的准确性 约70%(每三个患者中就有一个被误诊)。血液培养是黄金标准，但他们的结果 在做出临床决定后3-4天内可用。朝着早期准确的脓毒症的目标前进 在诊断方面，我们将重点介绍测量中性粒细胞炎症和抗微生物功能的微流控工具。 我们将采用三种使能技术，以更好地理解中性粒细胞在 败血症。我们将提高一种新的脓毒症检测方法的敏感度并缩短持续时间 中性粒细胞自发迁移，我们将对中性粒细胞配合活体进行精确测量 微生物使用新的集群阵列，我们将设计设备来捕获中性粒细胞衍生的染色质 在脓毒症期间检测血液(CNETS)和鉴定血液中的细菌。

Sepsis diagnosis poses significant clinical and scientific challenges. The incidence of sepsis in the US is twice the rate of congestive heart failure, six times the rate of colon cancer, and 20 times the incidence of AIDS, and sepsis is the single most significant expense in Medicare budget. Early and more accurate diagnostic of sepsis could save lives, reduce costs, and improve treatment. However, the precision of early sepsis diagnosis today is ~70% (one in every three patients is misdiagnosed). Blood cultures are the gold standard, but their results are available 3-4 days after clinical decisions have been made. Towards the goal of early and accurate sepsis diagnosis, we will focus on microfluidic tools that measure neutrophil inflammatory and anti-microbial functions. We will pursue three enabling technologies to better understand the functionality of neutrophils in the context of sepsis. We will increase the sensitivity and reduce the duration of a new assay for sepsis based on the spontaneous neutrophil migration, we will make precision measurements of neutrophil cooperation against live microbes using new swarming arrays, and we will design devices to trap neutrophil-derived chromatin from blood (cNETs) and identify bacteria in blood during sepsis.