The Impact of Social-Cognitive Processing on Stuttering

社会认知处理对口吃的影响

• 批准号: 9903271
• 负责人: Eric S Jackson
• 金额: $ 16万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9903271
• 关键词: Address; Adult; American; Behavior; Behavioral; Child; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Data; Development; Disease; Environment; Event; Fright; Future; Goals; Individual; Interruption; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Link; Literature; Measurement; Mental Health; Motor; Names; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Occupational; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Pattern; Plant Roots; Population; Process; Production; Public Health; Reaction; Reading; Recovery; Relapse; Research; Research Proposals; Resources; Risk; Role; Sensorimotor functions; Severities; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Speech; Standardization; Stimulus; Stuttering; System; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Uncertainty; Work; base; behavioral outcome; brain behavior; career; cognitive control; cognitive process; effective intervention; experience; improved; innovation; instrument; neural correlate; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; novel; pet animal; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; social; social cognition; social engagement; social neuroscience; social stress

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Significant progress has been made in the functional neuroimaging of stuttering, but the complex interactions between brain, behavior, and environment that support stuttering remain incompletely understood. This gap in knowledge is due in part to the context in which neural activity has been observed. It is well known that stuttering occurs primarily in the context of social interaction—people tend not to stutter when speaking alone, or to babies and pets. Yet, in almost all cases, functional neuroimaging studies have focused on non-social and non- communicative speech. These studies point to atypical neural function within the speech and sensorimotor networks, but social-cognitive networks have not been directly investigated in this population. The long-term goal of this Early Career Research proposal is to develop a line of programmatic research that expands the study of stuttering from sensorimotor control into the social-cognitive domain. This proposal focuses on adults, with the goal of extending the approach to children in future studies. The overall objectives in this application are to determine the neural impact of two social-cognitive factors with particular relevance to stuttering—social interaction and anticipation—and determine the relationship(s) between these neural data and behavioral outcomes. The central hypothesis is that social-cognitive processing de-stabilizes the speech motor systems of adults who stutter. The rationale for this study is that determining the impact of social-cognitive processing on stuttering will contribute to the development of a strong theoretical framework that narrows the brain-behavior- environment gap and ultimately informs new directions in stuttering intervention. The central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims. Aim 1 evaluates the neural impact of social interaction in adults who stutter (AWS) and those who do not by manipulating social context (i.e., the presence or absence of a communicative partner). Aim 2 determines the neural correlates of anticipation, which is rooted in prior social experiences, by comparing neural activation associated with “feared” and “non-feared” words (i.e., words expected and not expected to be stuttered, respectively), in AWS. Feared and non-feared words are determined during a novel clinical interview developed by the research team. This application is innovative in that it uses functional near- infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) which permits the measurement of neural signals during face-to-face speech communication, thereby increasing ecological validity in the neuroimaging of stuttering. The proposed research is significant because by expanding the study of stuttering into the social-cognitive domain, we will be able to address critical questions about how brain, behavior, and environment contribute to stuttering. In addition, focusing on social interaction and anticipation has specific treatment implications. For example, identifying the neural correlates of stuttering during social interaction can be used to guide neuromodulation approaches such as transcranial direct current stimulation that are now beginning to be applied to stuttering.

项目总结/摘要 口吃的功能性神经影像学研究已经取得了重大进展，但复杂的相互作用 大脑、行为和环境之间的关系，支持口吃仍然不完全清楚。中的这一空白 知识部分是由于神经活动被观察到的背景。众所周知，口吃 口吃主要发生在社会交往中--人们在单独说话或对婴儿说话时不会口吃 还有宠物然而，在几乎所有的情况下，功能性神经影像学研究都集中在非社会和非 交际言语这些研究指出，在言语和感觉运动中的非典型神经功能 网络，但社会认知网络还没有在这个人群中直接调查。远景目标 这项早期职业研究提案的目的是开发一系列的方案研究，扩大对以下问题的研究： 从感觉运动控制到社会认知领域。该提案侧重于成年人， 目标是在今后的研究中扩大对儿童的研究。本申请的总体目标是 确定与口吃特别相关的两个社会认知因素的神经影响-社会 互动和预期-并确定这些神经数据和行为之间的关系 结果。中心假设是社会认知过程使言语运动系统不稳定， 口吃的成年人这项研究的基本原理是，确定社会认知过程对 口吃将有助于发展一个强大的理论框架，缩小大脑行为， 环境差距，并最终为口吃干预提供新的方向。核心假设是 通过追求两个具体目标进行测试。目的1评估口吃成年人社会交往对神经的影响 (AWS)而那些不通过操纵社会背景（即，沟通的存在或不存在 合作伙伴）。目标2确定了神经相关的预期，这是植根于先前的社会经验， 比较与“害怕”和“不害怕”单词相关的神经激活（即，期望和不期望的单词 在AWS中，预计将分别口吃）。害怕和不害怕的话是在小说中确定的 研究团队开发的临床访谈。该应用程序是创新的，因为它使用功能近- 红外光谱（fNIRS），其允许在面对面讲话期间测量神经信号 交流，从而增加口吃的神经成像的生态有效性。拟议研究 这是很重要的，因为通过将口吃的研究扩展到社会认知领域，我们将能够 解决关于大脑、行为和环境如何导致口吃的关键问题。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 关注社会互动和预期具有特定的治疗意义。例如，识别 社会交往中口吃的神经相关性可用于指导神经调节方法， 经颅直流电刺激，现在开始应用于口吃。