Proteostasis in the aging brain
衰老大脑中的蛋白质稳态
基本信息
- 批准号:9905325
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 63.72万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-09-15 至 2022-03-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AdultAffectAgeAgingAnimalsAstrocytesBloodBrainCell Differentiation processCell MaintenanceCell physiologyCellsDeteriorationDietDiseaseElderlyExhibitsGenetic TranscriptionGoalsInjuryInvertebratesKnowledgeLearningLifeLysosomesMammalsMass Spectrum AnalysisMemoryMethodsModelingMolecularMusNatural regenerationNervous system structureNeuronsOligodendrogliaOrganismOutputPrevalenceProcessProteinsProteomeQuality ControlRegulationRejuvenationReporterRoleSensorySolubilityStarvationTestingTimeTissuesWorkadult stem cellage relatedage related neurodegenerationaging braincell typecognitive enhancementcognitive functionenvironmental interventionexperimental studyfunctional restorationimprovedin vivo evaluationinnovationinsightjuvenile animalnerve stem cellnormal agingnutrient deprivationpreservationprotein aggregationproteostasisregenerativerepairedrestorationself-renewalstem cellstranscriptometranscriptome sequencing
项目摘要
SUMMARY
The goal of this project is to understand how protein quality control mechanisms in adult stem cells and
their progeny are regulated during aging, with the objective to restore the functionality of old cells. Preservation
of a pristine proteome is emerging as a critical mechanism for maintaining cellular function throughout life.
Disruption in the machinery that maintains protein quality control leads to protein aggregation diseases and
accelerated aging in invertebrate models. However, how cell types with different roles regulate protein
homeostasis during long periods of time remains unexplored, particularly in mammals. The adult brain offers a
unique paradigm for understanding protein quality control mechanisms in cell types with different functions. It
contains reservoirs of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) that can activate and in turn generate differentiated
cells with specialized function – neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. During aging, the ability of NSCs to
exit quiescence and their ability to produce new neurons both decline dramatically yet this deterioration is not
inexorable and can be reversed by environmental interventions, including diet. However, the mechanisms that
can regulate NSC function are largely unknown.
We recently embarked on a systematic characterization of protein aggregates and proteostasis
mechanisms in young NSCs and their progeny. Excitingly, we find that quiescent NSCs contain large protein
aggregates that are present undegraded in large lysosomes. Nutrient deprivation can clear protein aggregates
and enhance their ability to activate, a process that is dramatically affected by aging. Interestingly, our RNA-
seq profiling from young and also mice reveal that quiescent NSCs from old mice exhibit a large degree of
transcriptome-wide change with age. The central hypothesis of this Project is that the protein quality control
mechanisms differ in cell types with distinct functions, which could underlie their different degree of
deterioration with age and could be used for specifically ameliorating old cells. To test this idea, we propose
the following experiments:
1. To understand how protein aggregates and protein quality control mechanisms are influenced by
increasing age and by rejuvenating strategies
2. To specifically modulate proteostasis mechanisms to ameliorate function in old NSCs and their
differentiated progeny
3. To determine the composition of protein aggregates and generate new aggregate reporters in NSCs
and their progeny
Completion of these Aims will provide unique mechanistic insights into the regulation of protein aggregates
and their alteration during aging in regenerative cells and their differentiated progeny. This study should also
provide fundamental understanding of how protein quality control is mechanistically regulated in different cell
types. This knowledge should pave the way for building new methods for ‘rejuvenation’ of old cells and restore
protein aggregates, which will be a critical step for improving tissue function during aging and age-related
disease.
概括
该项目的目标是了解成体干细胞中的蛋白质质量控制机制和
它们的后代在衰老过程中受到调节,目的是恢复老细胞的功能。 保存
原始蛋白质组的研究正在成为整个生命过程中维持细胞功能的关键机制。
维持蛋白质质量控制的机制受到破坏会导致蛋白质聚集疾病和
无脊椎动物模型加速衰老。 然而,具有不同作用的细胞类型如何调节蛋白质
很长一段时间内的体内平衡仍未被探索,特别是在哺乳动物中。 成人大脑提供
用于理解具有不同功能的细胞类型中的蛋白质质量控制机制的独特范例。 它
包含静止神经干细胞 (NSC) 的储存库,这些细胞可以激活并进而产生分化的细胞
具有特殊功能的细胞——神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞。 在衰老过程中,NSC 的能力
退出静止状态,它们产生新神经元的能力都急剧下降,但这种恶化并没有
这是不可阻挡的,并且可以通过环境干预措施(包括饮食)来逆转。 然而,该机制
能否调节 NSC 功能目前尚不清楚。
我们最近开始对蛋白质聚集体和蛋白质稳态进行系统表征
年轻 NSC 及其后代的机制。 令人兴奋的是,我们发现静止的 NSC 含有大量蛋白质
存在于大溶酶体中未降解的聚集体。 营养缺乏会清除蛋白质聚集物
并增强他们激活的能力,这一过程受到衰老的显着影响。 有趣的是,我们的 RNA-
来自年轻小鼠和小鼠的 seq 分析表明,来自年老小鼠的静态 NSC 表现出很大程度的
转录组范围随着年龄的变化而变化。 该项目的中心假设是蛋白质质量控制
具有不同功能的细胞类型的机制有所不同,这可能是它们不同程度的基础
随着年龄的增长而恶化,可用于专门改善老化细胞。 为了测试这个想法,我们建议
以下实验:
1. 了解蛋白质聚集体和蛋白质质量控制机制如何受到以下因素的影响
增加年龄并通过恢复活力策略
2. 特异性调节蛋白质稳态机制以改善旧 NSC 及其功能
分化后代
3. 确定蛋白质聚集体的组成并在 NSC 中生成新的聚集报告基因
和他们的后代
完成这些目标将为蛋白质聚集体的调控提供独特的机制见解
以及再生细胞及其分化后代在衰老过程中的变化。 这项研究还应该
提供对蛋白质质量控制如何在不同细胞中进行机械调节的基本了解
类型。 这些知识应该为建立旧细胞“复兴”和恢复的新方法铺平道路
蛋白质聚集,这将是在衰老和与年龄相关的过程中改善组织功能的关键步骤
疾病。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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ANNE BRUNET其他文献
ANNE BRUNET的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('ANNE BRUNET', 18)}}的其他基金
FASEB's Transcription, Chromatin and Epigenetics in Aging Conference
FASEB 衰老会议中的转录、染色质和表观遗传学
- 批准号:
10312653 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
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Brain-wide screen for a neural pacemaker of aging
全脑筛查衰老神经起搏器
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10437805 - 财政年份:2018
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$ 63.72万 - 项目类别:
Brain-wide screen for a neural pacemaker of aging
全脑筛查衰老神经起搏器
- 批准号:
9789188 - 财政年份:2018
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Brain-wide screen for a neural pacemaker of aging
全脑筛查衰老神经起搏器
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