Neural Basis of temporal decision making

时间决策的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
9922454
负责人：
DAEYEOL LEE
金额：
$ 8.02万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-02 至 2020-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9922454
关键词：
Adaptive Behaviors Anatomy Animals Area Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Brain Choice Behavior Clinical Cognitive Complex Data Decision Making Diagnosis Dimensions Disease Environment Event Foundations Future Goals Human Impairment Impulsivity Individual Knowledge Lateral Lead Life Medial Mental Depression Mental disorders Modeling Monitor Monkeys Motor Nature Neurobiology Outcome Overweight Parietal Parietal Lobe Parkinson Disease Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Rewards Role Rubia Schizophrenia Sensory Signal Transduction Societies Specificity Substance abuse problem Testing Time behavioral impairment behavioral response clinically significant cost design discount discounting experimental study flexibility improved insight nervous system disorder neuromechanism novel operation premature public health relevance relating to nervous system response time interval time use

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): All cognitive operations including perceptual and motor processes unfold in time, and actions lead to successful outcomes only when they are executed at appropriate times. However, controlling multiple actions and monitoring their outcomes over a relatively long temporal interval poses challenging computational problems for the brain. Moreover, the ability to utilize temporal information is impaired in various psychiatric and neurological disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's disease, and substance abuse. Despite such broad theoretical and clinical significance, previous neurobiological studies on timing behavior and temporal decision-making have focused narrowly on the brain functions related to a single temporal interval or a unitary reward. The main goal of this proposal is to gain novel insights into the neural mechanisms capable of concurrently monitoring multiple temporal intervals and evaluating the value of multiple outcomes in a sequence. First, we will investigate the anatomical specificity of timing signals in the medial and lateral areas of the primate prefrontal cortex using a task that requires the animal to plan different actions according to two concurrent temporal intervals. We will test the hypothesis that the medial prefrontal cortex plays a special role in creating the internal timing signals from transient sensory events and transforming them into motor responses. Second, we will study the mechanism in the fronto-parietal network for integrating the values of multiple rewards in a sequence while the animal chooses between two separate temporally extended reward sequences. Specifically, we hypothesize that the flexible transformation of signals related to reward magnitude between the posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex underlies the process of integrating the values of individual rewards into a single decision variable. The results from these two experiments will advance our knowledge about how the brain handles the timing information about multiple events efficiently, and lay the foundation for understanding the nature of clinical conditions with impaired abilities to process temporal information.

描述（由适用提供）：所有认知操作包括感知和运动过程，并且只有在适当的时间执行时才能成功进行成功。但是，控制多种动作并监视其在相对较长的临时间隔中的结果会挑战大脑的计算问题。此外，在各种精神科中，使用临时信息的能力受到损害和神经系统疾病，包括注意力缺陷/多动症（ADHD），帕金森氏病和药物滥用。尽管理论和临床意义如此广泛，但先前对时间的神经生物学研究和临时决策却狭窄地集中在与单个临时间隔或单一奖励相关的大脑功能上。该提案的主要目标是获得对能够同时监测多个临时间隔并评估序列中多种结果的价值的神经元机制的新见解。首先，我们将使用一项任务，要求动物根据两个并发的临时间隔来规划不同的动作，研究培养基和主要前额叶皮层的介质和横向区域的解剖学特异性。我们将检验以下假设：介质前额叶皮层在创建瞬态感官事件的内部定时信号中起着特殊的作用，并将其转化为运动响应。其次，我们将研究额顶网络中的机制，用于将多个奖励的值整合到序列中，而动物在两个单独的暂时扩展奖励序列之间选择。具体而言，我们假设信号的灵活转换与后顶皮层和额叶皮层之间的奖励幅度有关，这是将单个奖励值整合到单个决策变量中的过程。这两个实验的结果将提高我们有关大脑如何有效处理有关多个事件的定时信息的知识，并为理解具有处理临时信息的能力受损的临床条件的性质奠定了基础。