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The role of GPR133 in glioblastoma

The role of GPR133 in glioblastoma
GPR133在胶质母细胞瘤中的作用
批准号:
9923012
负责人:
Dimitris G. Placantonakis
金额:
$46.08万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-08-01 至 2023-04-30
关键词:
AdhesionsAdultAngiogenesis InhibitorsAutomobile DrivingBehaviorBiological AssayBiopsyBlood VesselsBrainCell Surface ReceptorsCell membraneCellsComplementCyclic AMPCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesDataDevelopmentDifferentiation AntigensDiseaseDissectionEndothelial Growth Factors ReceptorFailureFamilyFutureG-Protein-Coupled ReceptorsGTP-Binding ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationGeneticGenetic TranscriptionGlioblastomaGrowthHumanHypoxiaImpairmentIn VitroLeadLigandsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalignant NeoplasmsMapsMediatingMediator of activation proteinMessenger RNAMethodsModelingMolecularMolecular TargetMusN-terminalOrphanOxygenPathway interactionsPatientsPenetrancePerfusionPharmacologyPhenotypePhysiologicalPropertyProteinsPublicationsPublishingRefractoryRegulationResearchResistanceRoleSignal TransductionSignaling ProteinSpecimenStratificationStructureSurfaceTNFSF15 geneTelomeraseTestingThe Cancer Genome AtlasTherapeuticTranscriptional RegulationTumor OxygenationTumor TissueTumor-DerivedXenograft procedurebasebrain tissuecell behaviorchemoradiationextracellularin vivoknock-downmRNA Expressionmembermolecular subtypesneoplastic cellnew therapeutic targetnotch proteinnovelnovel strategiesnovel therapeuticsoverexpressionpreventreceptor functionsmall hairpin RNAsmall molecule inhibitorstemstem cellsstem-like cellstemnesstherapy resistanttranscription factortranscriptometumortumor growthtumor hypoxiatumor initiationtumor microenvironmenttumor progressiontumor xenografttumorigenesisvessel regression

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PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT  Glioblastoma  (GBM)  is  a  deadly  primary  brain  malignancy  with  limited  therapeutic  options.  Tumor  progression  is  thought  to  be  driven  by  stem  cell-­like  cells  that  evade  conventional  chemoradiotherapy  and  anti-­ angiogenic treatment. Indeed, anti-­angiogenic therapy and subsequent worsening of tumor oxygenation promote  hypoxia-­resistant  stem  cell  phenotypes  that  lead  to  further  tumor  progression.  However,  our  understanding  of  mechanisms  that  underlie  both  GBM  stem  cell  (GSC)  behavior  and  its  regulation  by  oxygen  tension  remains  incomplete. In our effort to identify novel targetable mediators of the GSC phenotype, we recently discovered that  GPR133 (ADGRD1), an orphan member of the adhesion family of G protein-­coupled receptors, is necessary for  initiating  tumor  growth  in  vitro  and  in  vivo,  both  GSC  properties,  in  part  by  triggering  signaling  mechanisms  that  increase  cytoplasmic  cAMP  and  lead  to  transcription  of  genes  necessary  for  “stemness”.  While  GPR133  is  absent  from  normal  brain  tissue,  it  is  expressed  with  full  penetrance  in  all  GBM  specimens  tested,  regardless  of  molecular subtype. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesize that GPR133 is a critical component of tumor  growth by supporting the GSC phenotype. We, therefore, believe that GPR133 inhibition represents a novel and  appealing therapeutic strategy in GBM that merits further testing and development.  We  now  seek  to  expand  on  our  published  findings  and  use  patient-­derived  GBM  models  to  elucidate  basic  mechanisms of action of GPR133. Aim 1 will test the hypotheses that GPR133 identifies GBM stem cells and its  knockdown  in  tumor  xenografts  slows  tumor  growth  and  prolongs  survival.  Aim  2  will  build  on  our  finding  that,  within  each  tumor,  GPR133  expression  is  highest  in  the  most  hypoxic  regions,  suggesting  regulation  by  oxygen  tension.  More  specifically,  we  will  determine  the  effect  of  intratumoral  fluctuations  in  oxygenation  on  GPR133  expression  by  correlating  mRNA  and  protein  levels  with  tumor  vascularity  and  oxygenation  using  targeted  intraoperative  biopsies  of  patient  tumors.  In  addition,  Aim  2  will  determine  whether  GPR133  knockdown  synergizes  with  cediranib,  an  anti-­angiogenic  agent,  to  prevent  tumor  progression  after  aggravation  of  tumor  hypoxia.  Finally,  Aim  3  will  determine  the  relative  contribution  of  canonical  G  protein  signaling  initiated  by  GPR133 and transduced by cAMP and its effectors RAP and PKA, and adhesion mediated by GPR133’s long N-­ terminal ectodomain, to the transcriptional regulation of genes that support the GSC phenotype.  The  proposed  studies  will  mechanistically  clarify  GPR133’s  role  in  tumor  progression,  including  in  hypoxia  exacerbated  by  anti-­angiogenic  therapy.  The  results  of  these  studies  will  complement  our  ongoing  small  molecule  inhibitor  and  physiological  ligand  discovery  efforts.  We  envision  GPR133  inhibition  as  a  testable  novel  approach in GBM, either by itself or as a powerful “one-­two punch” when combined with anti-­angiogenic therapy,  that can target both hypoxia-­vulnerable and hypoxia-­resistant tumor cells.
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