Neuropixels NXT: Integrated Silicon Probes for Large Scale Extracellular Recording in Rodents and Primates

Neuropixels NXT：用于啮齿动物和灵长类动物大规模细胞外记录的集成硅探针

• 批准号: 9924965
• 负责人: TIMOTHY D HARRIS
• 金额: $ 306.93万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9924965
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Address; Animals; Area; Arts; BRAIN initiative; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Cells; Chronic; Comb animal structure; Communities; Crowding; Development; Devices; Electronics; Electrophysiology (science); Engineering; Ensure; Environment; Family; Geometry; Goals; Head; Impairment; In Vitro; Letters; Light; Methods; Monitor; Mus; Nature; Neurons; Noise; Output; Performance; Phase; Photophobia; Preparation; Primates; Production; Rattus; Reporting; Research; Rodent; Sales; Side; Silicon; Site; Speed; System; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Thick; Update; Weight; Work; awake; base; cost; data hub; design; digital; experimental study; extracellular; improved; in vivo; manufacturing scale-up; nonhuman primate; optogenetics; phase 1 designs; programs; prototype; relating to nervous system; transmission process; two-dimensional

1 Project Summary: The BRAIN 2025 Report, with the goal to “produce a dynamic picture of the functioning brain 2 by developing and applying improved methods for large-scale monitoring of neural activity” is directly 3 addressed by this application. The Neuropixels probe (Jun et al., Nature 2017) demonstrated that a high 4 channel count Si shank with continuous, dense, programmable sites yielded a large capacity increase in 5 monitoring of neural activity (100's vs. 10's of units for typical devices). Neuropixels NXT will increase 6 substantially the utility of that high capacity shank by optimizing and deploying a new platform technology for 7 neural recording, direct-to-digital. Neuropixels, while revolutionary over prior art, has an integrated probe 8 “base” for amplification and digitization and a digital interface board (head stage) that both reside above the 9 brain. Together, the crowding of these components above the brain limits the number of shanks that can be 10 used in one experimental animal. Follow-on projects are already underway to relieve this crowding and weight 11 such that we expect 2 Neuropixels probes (768 channels of recording capacity) could be used on a freely 12 moving, tethered mouse. While this represents a substantial improvement, it remains far short of the brain wide 13 recording that satisfies the above stated ambition to “produce a dynamic picture of the functioning brain”. 14 Building on the demonstrated performance of the Neuropixels shank, we propose to optimize the base 15 electronics so that a probe with ~768 channels would have a base of < 5mm2 (an 18x shrinkage of the base 16 area per channel compared to Neuropixels, and 6x shrinkage compared to Neuropixels 2.0), require no extra 17 digital interface board (head stage), and instead have a 6-conductor micro-cable between the probe and a high 18 speed data hub for digital transmission that can handle multiple probes simultaneously. This smaller probe 19 base will allow it to be made narrow so that each probe will act as a “unit shank” that can be tiled side-to-side 20 into a “comb”, and combs stacked into 2 dimensional arrays of shanks, yielding dense 3 dimensional arrays of 21 programmable recording sites. We project capacities of >16 shanks (9600 sites/channels, all active) in a 22 mouse, 40 shanks (40,000+ programmable sites, 26,000+ channels) in a rat, and up to 100 shanks (450,000 23 programmable sites, 76.800 channels) in a non-human primate. The work plan will first optimize: 1) the design 24 of the direct-to-digital recording channel pixel for size/noise tradeoff, and 2) the data hub to allow up to 12 25 probes to be served by a single output cable. With this information, a family of “unit shanks” will be produced, 26 ready for sale to the research community, which can be fixtured into a wide variety of recording geometries. 27 These developments in an environment capable of long term manufacture and affordable costs will ensure 28 wide availability.

1项目摘要：《大脑2025报告》，目标是“生成大脑功能的动态图像” 2通过开发和应用改进的方法进行大规模的神经活动监测”是直接 三是针对本申请。Neuropixels探针（Jun等人，Nature 2017）表明， 4通道数硅柄，具有连续、密集、可编程的位置， 5神经活动的监测（100个单位对典型设备的10个单位）。神经像素NXT将增加 通过优化和部署新的平台技术， 7神经记录，直接数字化。Neuropixels虽然是现有技术的革命， 8“基地”的放大和数字化和数字接口板（头阶段），都驻留在 9大脑。总之，这些组件在大脑上方的拥挤限制了可以使用的小腿数量。 10只用于实验动物。后续项目已经在进行中，以缓解这种拥挤和重量 因此，我们预计2个Neuropixels探头（768通道记录容量）可以自由使用。 12、移动鼠标虽然这代表了一个实质性的改善，但它仍然远远低于大脑的宽度 13记录，满足上述野心“产生一个动态的图片功能的大脑”。 14基于Neuropixels小腿的表现，我们建议优化底座 15个电子元件，因此具有约768个通道的探头将具有<5 mm 2的基底（基底收缩18倍 与Neuropixels相比，每个通道16个区域，与Neuropixels 2.0相比，收缩6倍），不需要额外的 17数字接口板（头级），而不是在探头和高 用于数字传输的18速数据集线器，可同时处理多个探头。这个较小的探测器 19的底部将允许它被做得很窄，使得每个探针将作为一个“单元柄”，可以并排平铺 20排列成“梳”，梳堆叠成柄的2维阵列，产生密集的3维阵列， 21个可编程记录站点。我们的项目能力>16柄（9600个站点/通道，所有活动）， 22只小鼠，40个鼠腿（40，000+可编程位点，26，000+通道），最多100个鼠腿（450，000 23个可编程位点，76.800个通道）。工作计划将首先优化：1）设计 24的直接数字记录通道像素，用于尺寸/噪声权衡，以及2）数据集线器允许高达12 25个探头由一根输出电缆提供服务。有了这些信息，一个家庭的“单位柄”将被生产， 26准备销售给研究界，它可以固定到各种各样的记录几何形状。 27在能够长期制造和负担得起的成本的环境中的这些发展将确保 28个可用性。