Self and Other Perception in Eating Disorders

项目摘要 饮食失调是一种严重的精神疾病，约有5%的妇女患有这种疾病。神经性厌食 (AN)是一种艾德，包括身体形状和大小的扭曲和热量的限制，导致不足 营养神经性贪食症（BN）是一种艾德，其定义为对瘦体型的高估， 功能失调的饮食行为，包括限制，暴饮暴食，和清除。这两种疾病的定义是 改变对自己的信念，包括自我认知（身体形象扭曲）和自尊的问题。 以前，我们已经发现了与自我感知相关的神经生物学差异（内侧前额叶皮层和内侧前额叶皮层）。 楔前叶）和其他知觉（颞顶连接）和社会自我评价（背前 扣带回、扣带回、内侧前额叶皮质）。在这里，我们将对自我和他人进行详细的分析。 在40名AN女性、40名BN女性和40名健康女性中，使用一系列 补充功能磁共振成像（fMRI）任务与临床访谈，认知 评估和自我报告措施。这个项目的主要目标是了解神经生物学回路 它介导ED患者与自我知觉相关的核心障碍。四种不同的功能磁共振成像任务已经被 包括评估自我和其他感知的互补成分。自我标记任务评估 独立于社会评价的自我认知。社会认同与价值观任务评估自我认知 以及在社会定义的价值观的背景下的视角。情感信任游戏探讨了 与另一个人的特定关系的发展，通过测量行为和神经反应期间， 与特定的其他人的一系列经济互动。情感最后通牒博弈研究了 行为，神经激活和情绪随着受试者玩游戏而变化，其中包括社会的变化， 货币交换。这个游戏将允许一个神经，机械检查的病理特征，相信 与BN的发病机制有关：BN的饮食行为紊乱与暴露于不同的 社会规范，如“瘦理想”的女性形状/大小。此外，这些任务中有三项考虑了 积极和消极的自我相关刺激，使我们能够评估效价如何可能有助于 ED患者自我和其他感知的神经生物学功能障碍。我们将使用动态因果模型（DCM）， 一种检查不同神经区域之间发生的时间、方向性和相互作用的方法， 建立一个网络模型，了解自我认知功能障碍如何导致ED。成人ED的核心症状 包括进食症状，身体关注，自尊，焦虑和抑郁将与 自我/其他神经回路的差异。在本研究结束时，我们将了解生物标志物 自我/他人感知的神经回路以及这些差异如何导致病理生理学 的ED。

PROJECT SUMMARY Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental illnesses afflicting approximately 5% of women. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an ED that includes distortions of body shape and size and restriction of calories resulting in insufficient nutrition. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an ED defined by an over-valuation of a thin body size which leads to dysfunctional eating behaviors, including restriction, binge eating, and purging. Both diseases are defined by altered beliefs about oneself, including problems of self-perception (body image distortions) and self-esteem. Previously, we have found neurobiological differences related to self-perception (medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus) and other-perception (temporoparietal junctions) and social self-evaluations (dorsal anterior cingulate, insula, medial prefrontal cortex) in EDs. Here, we will conduct a detailed analysis of self and other perception in a population of 40 women with AN, 40 women with BN, and 40 healthy women, using a series of complementary functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks in concert with clinical interviews, cognitive assessments, and self-report measures. The key goal of this project is to understand the neurobiological circuitry that mediates the core disturbances related to self-perception in EDs. Four different fMRI tasks have been included that evaluate complementary components of self and other perception. The Self-Tagging task assesses self-perception independent of social evaluations. The Social Identity with Values Task assesses self-perception and perspective-taking in the context of socially-defined values. The Affective Trust Game examines how a specific relationship with another individual develops, by measuring behavioral and neural responses during a series of economic interactions with a specific other person. The Affective Ultimatum game examines how behavior, neural activations, and moods change as subjects play a game that includes shifts of society, created with monetary exchanges. This game will allow a neural, mechanistic examination for a pathological trait believed to be related to pathogenesis of BN: disordered eating behaviors in BN are associated with exposure to different social norms such as the “thin-ideal” for female shape/size. In addition, three of these tasks consider differences for both positive and negative self-relevant stimuli, allowing us to evaluate how valence might contribute to neurobiological dysfunctions in self and other perception in EDs. We will use dynamic causal modeling (DCM), a method to examine the timing, directionality, and interactions occurring between different neural regions, building a network model of how dysfunctions in self-knowledge contribute to EDs. Core symptoms in adult EDs including feeding symptoms, body preoccupations, self-esteem, anxiety, and depression will be correlated with differences in the self/other neural circuitry. At conclusion of this study, we will have a biomarker understanding of the neurocircuitry for self/other perception and how these differences may contribute to the pathophysiology of EDs.