Self and Other Perception in Eating Disorders

项目总结 饮食失调是一种严重的精神疾病，约有5%的女性患有此病。神经性厌食症 (AN)是一种ED，包括身体形状和尺寸的扭曲以及卡路里的限制导致热量不足 营养。神经性暴食症(BN)是一种ED，其定义是高估瘦小的身体尺寸，从而导致 功能失调的进食行为，包括限制进食、暴饮暴食和通便。这两种疾病的定义都是 改变了对自己的信念，包括自我感知(身体形象扭曲)和自尊的问题。 此前，我们已经发现了与自我感知相关的神经生物学差异(内侧前额叶皮质和 楔前)和其他-知觉(颞顶交界处)和社会自我评价(背侧前部 扣带回、脑岛、内侧前额叶皮质)。在这里，我们将对自我和他人进行详细的分析 在40名患有AN的女性、40名患有BN的女性和40名健康女性中，使用一系列 互补功能磁共振成像(FMRI)任务与临床访谈、认知 评估和自我报告措施。这个项目的主要目标是了解神经生物回路。 这调节了ED中与自我知觉相关的核心干扰。已经完成了四种不同的fMRI任务 包括评估自我和其他知觉的互补成分。自动标记任务评估 独立于社会评价的自我认知。社会认同与价值观任务评估自我知觉 以及在社会定义的价值观的背景下采取观点。情感信任游戏考察了 通过测量一个人的行为和神经反应，与另一个人建立特定的关系 与特定的其他人进行的一系列经济互动。情感最后通牒游戏考察如何 当受试者玩一个包括社会变迁的游戏时，行为、神经激活和情绪都会发生变化， 与货币交易所。这个游戏将允许对一种病理特征进行神经、机械检查 与BN的发病机制有关：BN的进食障碍行为与暴露于不同的 社会规范，如女性身材/体型的“瘦-理想”。此外，这些任务中有三项考虑了差异 对于积极和消极的自我相关刺激，使我们能够评估价态可能如何有助于 EDS的自我和其他知觉的神经生物学功能障碍。我们将使用动态因果建模(DCM)， 一种检查不同神经区域之间发生的时序、方向性和相互作用的方法， 建立一个网络模型，说明自我认识障碍是如何导致EDS的。成人ED的核心症状 包括进食症状、对身体的关注、自尊、焦虑和抑郁 自我/其他神经回路的差异。在这项研究结束时，我们将对生物标志物有一个了解 自我/他人感知的神经回路，以及这些差异如何对病理生理学起作用 急救人员。

PROJECT SUMMARY Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental illnesses afflicting approximately 5% of women. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an ED that includes distortions of body shape and size and restriction of calories resulting in insufficient nutrition. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an ED defined by an over-valuation of a thin body size which leads to dysfunctional eating behaviors, including restriction, binge eating, and purging. Both diseases are defined by altered beliefs about oneself, including problems of self-perception (body image distortions) and self-esteem. Previously, we have found neurobiological differences related to self-perception (medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus) and other-perception (temporoparietal junctions) and social self-evaluations (dorsal anterior cingulate, insula, medial prefrontal cortex) in EDs. Here, we will conduct a detailed analysis of self and other perception in a population of 40 women with AN, 40 women with BN, and 40 healthy women, using a series of complementary functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks in concert with clinical interviews, cognitive assessments, and self-report measures. The key goal of this project is to understand the neurobiological circuitry that mediates the core disturbances related to self-perception in EDs. Four different fMRI tasks have been included that evaluate complementary components of self and other perception. The Self-Tagging task assesses self-perception independent of social evaluations. The Social Identity with Values Task assesses self-perception and perspective-taking in the context of socially-defined values. The Affective Trust Game examines how a specific relationship with another individual develops, by measuring behavioral and neural responses during a series of economic interactions with a specific other person. The Affective Ultimatum game examines how behavior, neural activations, and moods change as subjects play a game that includes shifts of society, created with monetary exchanges. This game will allow a neural, mechanistic examination for a pathological trait believed to be related to pathogenesis of BN: disordered eating behaviors in BN are associated with exposure to different social norms such as the “thin-ideal” for female shape/size. In addition, three of these tasks consider differences for both positive and negative self-relevant stimuli, allowing us to evaluate how valence might contribute to neurobiological dysfunctions in self and other perception in EDs. We will use dynamic causal modeling (DCM), a method to examine the timing, directionality, and interactions occurring between different neural regions, building a network model of how dysfunctions in self-knowledge contribute to EDs. Core symptoms in adult EDs including feeding symptoms, body preoccupations, self-esteem, anxiety, and depression will be correlated with differences in the self/other neural circuitry. At conclusion of this study, we will have a biomarker understanding of the neurocircuitry for self/other perception and how these differences may contribute to the pathophysiology of EDs.