A Neural Study of the Maturational Shift in Emotion Regulation in Healthy Aging and Depression

健康老龄化和抑郁症中情绪调节成熟转变的神经研究

• 批准号: 9979114
• 负责人: Lihong Wang
• 金额: $ 20.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9979114
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Aging; Anterior; Antidepressive Agents; Arousal; Attention; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain region; Categories; Cognition; Cognitive; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnosis; Dorsal; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; Factor Analysis; Failure; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Heterogeneity; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Life; Major Depressive Disorder; Mental Depression; Moods; Patients; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Relapse; Risk; Route; Sex Differences; Stimulus; Testing; Well in self; White Matter Hyperintensity; age group; age related; behavior test; brain volume; causal model; cerebral atrophy; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; cognitive reappraisal; depressed patient; distraction; emotion dysregulation; emotion regulation; emotional distress; executive function; experience; follow-up; healthy aging; middle age; negative affect; network dysfunction; neural network; neural patterning; neuromechanism; novel; preservation; psychologic; recruit; relapse patients; relating to nervous system; response; success; young adult

Older adults tend to have age-related improvement in emotional well-being despite their physical and cognitive decline. The psychological and neural mechanisms of this adult maturational shift in emotion regulation (AMSER) remain to be elucidated. Gross and colleagues have classified emotion regulation (ER) strategies into antecedent-focused (i.e., modifying emotional situations before making a full response, such as selectively attending positive and avoiding negative stimuli or cognitive reappraisal through reinterpreting negative situations to less negative, etc.) and response-focused (expressive suppression). Habitual use of effective ER strategies is associated with emotional well-being. Yet, the empirical evidence on which ER strategy older adults habitually use remains sparse and mixed. Generally, successful voluntary ER in younger and middle- aged adults depends critically on executive control of the executive control network (ECN) on heightened emotional salience in salience network (SN) and the emotional processing and reactivity network (ERN); whereas involuntary ER depends on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) of the default-mode network (DMN) to regulate SN & ERN. Given the age-associated decrease of brain volume in the dorsal executive prefrontal regions (mainly ECN) and relatively preserved volume in ventral prefrontal regions (such as vmPFC), we hypothesize that older adults use the vmPFC in the DMN as a driver to regulate SN/ERN during both voluntary and involuntary ER. This would explain ER failure in older adults with major depression because vmPFC and ECN dysfunction is a key feature in this condition. In contrast, patients with remitted depression (RD) may have success in ER, although a considerable proportion of RD patients relapse (especially older adults). Rumination, a cognitive construct characterized by repetitive attention to emotional distress, increases the risk of depression relapse in RD. However, a robust analysis of factors associated with ER and relapse has not been performed. Therefore, we will investigate the extent to which individuals with RD display the normative AMSER and identify associated factors. Our study will include 45 healthy adults and 45 major depression patients 45–75 years old in a remitted state and free of medication with 15 subjects in each diagnosis x age group (45–55, 55–65, 65–75 years old). We will employ emotional oddball and reappraisal tasks to examine involuntary and voluntary ER on positive and negative affect separately. Our specific aims are to identify 1) behavioral and 2) neural patterns of AMSER in healthy and RD adults. We will also explore the association of cognitive function and successful ER, as well as sex differences in AMSER in both groups. Our working hypotheses are: RD subjects are heterogeneous in ER; Those using maladaptive ER (rumination) may elicit lower functional connectivity of DMN with ECN and SN/ERN during both involuntary and voluntary ER, which will be associated with poor mood reduction and higher future relapse rates. Successful completion of this project will establish a foundation for further studies and inform future development of novel preventions.

老年人往往有年龄相关的改善情绪福祉，尽管他们的身体和认知 下降这种成熟的情绪调节转变的心理和神经机制 （AMSER）仍有待阐明。Gross和他的同事们将情绪调节（ER）策略 以先行词为中心（即，在做出全面反应之前改变情绪状况，例如选择性地 注意积极而避免消极刺激或通过重新解释消极刺激进行认知重评 （减少负面影响等）表达抑制（expressive suppression）。习惯使用有效的ER 策略与情感健康有关。然而，经验证据表明， 成年人习惯性使用的药物仍然稀疏和混合。一般来说，成功的自愿ER在年轻和中等- 老年人严重依赖于执行控制网络（ECN）的执行控制， 情绪突显网络（SN）和情绪加工反应网络（ERN）; 而不自主ER依赖于默认模式网络的腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC） (DMN)监管SN & ERN。考虑到背侧执行神经的脑容量随着年龄的增长而减少， 前额叶区域（主要是ECN）和腹侧前额叶区域（如vmPFC）相对保留的体积， 我们假设老年人使用DMN中的vmPFC作为驱动程序来调节SN/ERN， 自愿和非自愿急诊室。这可以解释老年抑郁症患者的ER失败， vmPFC和ECN功能障碍是这种疾病的关键特征。相反，抑郁症缓解患者 (RD)尽管相当比例的RD患者复发（尤其是老年患者）， 成人）。反刍是一种认知结构，其特征是对情绪困扰的重复关注， RD中抑郁症复发的风险。然而，对与ER和复发相关的因素进行了强有力的分析， 未执行。因此，我们将调查RD患者在多大程度上表现出 规范AMSER并识别相关因素。我们的研究将包括45名健康成年人和45名主要 45-75岁抑郁症患者，缓解状态，未服药，各15例 诊断x年龄组（45-55、55-65、65-75岁）。我们会用情绪化的怪人和重新评价 任务分别考察非自愿和自愿ER对积极和消极情感的影响。我们的具体目标 确定健康和RD成人中AMSER的1）行为和2）神经模式。我们还将探索 认知功能与成功ER的相关性，以及两组AMSER的性别差异。 我们的工作假设是：RD受试者的ER是异质性的;那些使用适应不良的ER（反刍） 在非自愿和自愿期间，可能会导致DMN与ECN和SN/ERN的功能连接降低 ER，这将与不良的情绪减少和更高的未来复发率有关。成功完成 该项目的研究成果将为进一步研究奠定基础，并为未来开发新的预防措施提供信息。