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Treg Migration and Function During Autoimmunity within Peripheral Tissue

周围组织内自身免疫过程中 Treg 的迁移和功能

基本信息

批准号：
9979628
负责人：
John E Harris
金额：
$ 36.85万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-15 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9979628
关键词：
Address Affect Antigens Apoptosis Area Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Process Autoimmunity CXC chemokine receptor 3 CXCL10 gene CXCR3 gene Cell Communication Cell physiology Confocal Microscopy Crohn&apos s disease Dendritic Cells Disease Epidermis Eragrostis Event Flow Cytometry Goals Human Immunophenotyping In Situ In Vitro Inflammation Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Langerhans cell Learning MHC Interaction Mediating Modeling Multiple Sclerosis Mus Organ Organ Model Pathway interactions Patients Pattern Peripheral Phenotype Play Regulatory T-Lymphocyte Role Sampling Severities Signal Transduction Skin T-Cell Receptor T-Lymphocyte Testing Thyroid Diseases Tissues Ulcerative Colitis Vitiligo Work biobank chemokine disorder control effector T cell human tissue in vivo Model migration mouse model public health relevance recruit response secondary lymphoid organ skin disorder skin lesion treatment strategy

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a critical role in controlling organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and vitiligo. Most studies that address Treg function are performed in vitro or in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), and little is known about how Tregs function within peripheral tissues. Tregs must first identify the correct tissue, find the focus of inflammation, and then co-localize with effector T cells (Teffs), yet how this is done efficiently in peripheral tissues is unknown. Te central hypothesis in this proposal is that Tregs require chemokine signals and tissue-specific dendritic cell interactions to find and regulate Teffs within peripheral tissues. These mechanisms cannot be appropriately studied outside of peripheral tissues, and therefore require an in vivo model of organ-specific autoimmunity to define them. We created a mouse model of the autoimmune skin disease vitiligo, in which CXCL10 is required to direct Teff migration into skin and epidermis to drive disease. We have extensively developed this model using genetically modified mice, skin flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy, correlating our observations to human tissues in order to better understand T cell function during autoimmunity. To test our hypothesis, we will perform functional studies in our mouse model of vitiligo and correlate these findings to an existing biobank of human vitiligo skin samples. We found that Tregs suppress vitiligo and localize to CXCL10 in our mouse model. We hypothesize that Tregs are recruited by CXCL10 to co-localize with Teffs and suppress their function. We will test this in Aim 1, where we will determine whether Tregs migrate with Teffs, if they require the CXCL10 receptor CXCR3, and whether human Treg localization in the skin predicts vitiligo severity. We found that Langerhans cells (LHCs) are major producers of CXCL10 in the skin during vitiligo, are required for epidermal Treg accumulation, and for control of disease. We hypothesize that Tregs and Teffs require tethering to LHCs through TCR-MHC interactions and CXCL10 to promote their co-localization. We will test this in Aim 2, where we will determine whether Teff/Treg interactions with LHCs is antigen-specific, whether CXCL10 stabilizes their interaction, and how frequently Teff-Treg-LHC interactions occur in human vitiligo skin. In the absence of Tregs or LHCs, Teffs accumulate in large numbers in the skin during vitiligo, independent of proliferation. We hypothesize that Tregs directly promote Teff egress from the skin. We will test this in Aim 3, where we will define the phenotype of Teffs after suppression by Tregs, determine whether Tregs promote Teff egress from the skin, and correlate the immunophenotype of regulated Teffs in mouse and human vitiligo. Vitiligo serves as an ideal model to investigate fundamental mechanisms by which Tregs suppress Teffs within peripheral tissues during autoimmunity. This work has the potential to define pathways that can be targeted as a new treatment strategy for multiple organ-specific autoimmune diseases.