A novel portable KXRF measurement system for in vivo metal measurements

项目摘要 多年来，随着工业的发展，金属暴露大幅增加， 农业和制造业。铅(铅)一直是金属暴露的中心，因为它有许多 对健康的影响几乎影响到人体的每个器官系统。铅和其他金属的监测通常是 使用简单的血液测试，但血液水平只能反映最近接触的水平。在很短的半衰期内 血液，即使是连续测量，也可能与累积暴露和 将降低我们将暴露与职业工作相关的终身健康风险联系起来的能力。骨 是人体铅的主要储存库，已被证明反映了多年来对铅的累积暴露 因此，对于与职业相关的慢性健康风险来说，这是一个更好的生物标志物 曝光。几十年来，研究人员一直在使用X射线荧光技术研究骨骼铅。然而， 这项极具价值的技术的适用性受到几个因素的显著限制，包括缺乏 可移植性、较长的测量时间以及限制其使用范围的许可需求。在这份提案中，我们 通过开发一种新型的便携式KXRF骨铅测量系统来解决这些问题 使用更高能量的方法的优势，同时显著提高 这项技术。在拟议的研究中，我们将开发和验证我们的新KXRF技术来测量 铅在活体骨骼中的含量，并确定运动功能与累积铅暴露的关系。总而言之， 该提案的具体目标是：1)使用实验室内的方法构建、优化和验证便携式KXRF系统 样本；2)验证便携式KXRF系统用于100人的活体测量；以及3)测试 运动功能障碍与较高的累积铅暴露有关的假说。在完成此操作后 研究表明，一种新的便携式KXRF测量系统将在以前的人群中得到验证 由于当前的技术限制而无法访问，并可能导致相关高危人群的未来健康研究 人口。该提案将通过以下方式推进NIOSH暴露评估计划的目标 一种用于工人监测职业健康关键生物标志物的新工具。NIOSH的部门议程 建筑业和制造业是确定健康危害和肌肉骨骼的优先领域 精神错乱。铅暴露是建筑工人的主要担忧，因为金属暴露是一种常见的健康问题 对工人来说是危险的。铅监测是金属和电子产品制造和回收的核心内容，以及 累积暴露评估对于确定这些工人的终生风险至关重要。在未来， 作为该建议的一部分而开发的技术可以先进地用于各种金属曝光 评估设置和监控计划。除了有价值的技术外，拟议的培训 我的经验将为我的职业生涯做好准备，成为一名开发和应用的独立研究员 为职业健康暴露评估提供更多新的工具。

Project Summary Metal exposure has increased dramatically through the years with increased development of industry, agriculture, and manufacturing. Lead (Pb) has been a centerpiece for metal exposures with its numerous health effects impacting almost every organ system in the body. Monitoring of Pb and other metals is typically done using simple blood tests, but blood levels only reflect recent exposure levels. With the short half-life of blood, even serial measurements can have a significant amount of error relative to cumulative exposure and will reduce our ability to relate exposures with the lifetime health risks associated with occupational work. Bone is the body's primary reservoir for Pb and has been shown to reflect cumulative exposure over many years to decades, and, thus, is a much better biomarker for chronic health risks associated with occupational exposures. For decades researchers have studied bone Pb using x-ray fluorescence. However, the applicability of this tremendously valuable technology is significantly limited by several factors including lack of portability, long measurement times, and licensing needs that restrict where it can be used. In this proposal we address these issues by developing a novel portable KXRF bone Pb measurement system with the advantages of using a higher energy approach, while drastically improving the portability and applicability of the technology. In the proposed research, we will develop and validate our novel KXRF technology to measure Pb in bone in vivo and identify motor function associations with cumulative Pb exposure. In summary, the specific aims for the proposal are: 1) Build, optimize, and validate the portable KXRF system using in-lab samples; 2) Validate the portable KXRF system for in vivo measurement in a group of 100 people; and 3) Test the hypothesis that motor dysfunction is associated with higher cumulative Pb exposure. At completion of this study, a novel portable KXRF measurement system will be validated for use in populations previously inaccessible by current technology restrictions and can lead to future health studies of relevant at-risk populations. The proposal will advance the goals of the NIOSH Exposure Assessment Program by developing a new tool for worker surveillance of critical biomarkers to occupational health. The NIOSH Sector Agendas for Construction and Manufacturing have a priority area in identifying health hazards and musculoskeletal disorders. Pb exposure is a primary concern for construction workers as metal exposures are a common health risk for workers. Pb monitoring is a centerpiece to metal and electronics manufacturing and recycling, and cumulative exposure assessment is critical in identifying the lifetime risks to these workers. In the future the technology developed as part of this proposal can be advanced for use in a variety of metal exposure assessment settings and surveillance programs. In addition to the valuable technology, the proposed training and experience will prepare me for a career as an independent researcher for the development and application of more novel tools for exposure assessment in occupational health.