Indigenous Pathways of Substance Use and Mental Health through Early Adulthood

 描述（由申请人提供）：重大的酒精和药物滥用障碍和心理健康的差异已经在许多美国印第安人/第一民族（土著）社区的破坏性影响。来自不同部落群体的证据表明，土著青年在整个青春期内发病早、使用药物频率高，同时出现精神障碍的比率很高。然而，这些早期生活模式如何影响土著人成年后的轨迹和结果尚不清楚。一般人群的研究表明，成年早期（20 - 30岁）是影响药物使用和心理健康模式的角色，责任和关系转变的关键时期。文化规范和背景可能会转化为潜在的独特发展途径，风险和保护因素，为土著物质使用和心理健康的结果。我们建议在土著成年早期调查这些可能性，这是了解从青春期到长期酒精，物质使用，心理健康问题和恢复力的关键时期。该项目将把我们对土著青少年的8波小组研究的数据与成年早期3年的拟议新数据联系起来。数据将通过计算机辅助个人访谈收集。其结果将是唯一的纵向数据集，涵盖土著儿童，青少年和早期成人年，我们知道。三个主要目标指导这项以社区为基础的参与性研究：1）确定从儿童晚期到成年早期土著物质使用和心理健康问题的轨迹，2）确定土著年轻人中物质使用和心理健康的早期生命过程预测因素，3）描述文化上适当的成年早期幸福定义，并记录这些积极结果的流行和预测因素。这项研究的结果将提高认识的性质，病因学，酒精，物质使用，心理健康问题和他们的comorecentries在土著保留/保留社区的后果。另一个成果是加强了对保护因素和积极的土著发展的理解和新的衡量。该项目的结果有可能为土著社区预防方案的时间安排和风险/保护因素提供信息。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Significant alcohol and substance abuse disorders and mental health disparities have had devastating impacts in many American Indian/First Nations (Indigenous) communities. Evidence from diverse tribal groups demonstrates early onset, high frequency substance use with substantial rates of co-occurring mental disorders among Indigenous youth throughout their adolescence. Yet, how these early life patterns affect trajectories and outcomes in adulthood for Indigenous people is unknown. General population studies have shown that early adulthood (20 - 30 years of age) is a critical period of transitions in roles, responsibilities, and relationships impacting patterns of substance use and mental health. Cultural norms and contexts may translate into potentially unique developmental pathways, risks, and protective factors for Indigenous substance use and mental health outcomes. We propose to investigate these possibilities in Indigenous early adulthood, a critical period for understanding transitions from adolescence to longer-term alcohol, substance use, and mental health problems and resilience. The project will link data from our 8-wave panel study of Indigenous adolescents with 3 years of proposed new data in early adulthood. Data will be collected via computer-assisted personal interviews. The result will be the only longitudinal data set spanning Indigenous childhood, adolescent, and early adult years of which we are aware. Three major aims guide this community- based participatory research: 1) Determine trajectories of Indigenous substance use and mental health problems from late childhood to early adulthood, 2) Identify early life-course predictors of substance use and mental health among Indigenous young adults, and 3) Describe culturally appropriate definitions of wellbeing in early adulthood and document the prevalence and predictors of these positive outcomes. Results of this research will increase awareness of the nature, etiology, and consequences of alcohol, substance use, mental health problems and their comorbidity in Indigenous reservation/reserve communities. Another outcome is enhanced understanding and novel measurement of protective factors and positive Indigenous development. The results of this project have potential to inform the timing of and risk/protective factors targeted by prevention programs in Indigenous communities.