âInterparental Conflict and Parentingâ

“父母间冲突与养育子女”

• 批准号: 9982091
• 负责人: PATRICK T DAVIES
• 金额: $ 51.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-05 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9982091
• 关键词: 4 year old; Address; Affect; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Apple; Area; Behavior; Cataloging; Catalogs; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Discipline; Disputes; Distress; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Exposure to; Eye; Family; Family Process; Family dynamics; Fathers; Generations; Home environment; Hostility; Intervention; Life; Link; Marital Relationships; Measurement; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Motion; Nature; Neurobiology; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Policies; Process; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Stress; Structure; Surveys; System; Systems Theory; Testing; Toddler; base; caregiving; design; early childhood; experience; family structure; improved; informant; longitudinal design; novel; prospective; satisfaction; skills

Given the hierarchical nature of family structure, family systems theory places the interparental relationship as the cornerstone of the family unit (Cox & Paley, 2001). Although disagreements between parents are a regular and normal part of family life, entrenched, chronic, and hostile disputes are proposed to undermine family functioning. To understand how interparental conflict reverberates throughout the family system, process models of interparental discord have focused on identifying how interparental conflict “spills over” to influence interactions within the parent– child system (Easterbrooks & Emde, 1988). Although a generation of research has been instrumental in cataloguing “spillover” between the interparental and parent-child subsystems, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The criticality of process-oriented research in this area is underscored by the high proportion of children who are exposed to interparental hostility and aggression (i.e., National Survey of Children's Health, 2003), with estimates suggesting that between 20% to 40% of parents who live together report significant, clinical levels of distress in their relationships (Cummings & Davies, 2010). Furthermore, experts place emphasis on the clinical value of identifying the etiology of parenting difficulties within high conflict homes (Emery, Fincham, & Cummings, 1992). As a first step toward advancing a process-oriented model of spillover the application addresses the following specific aims: (1) test a cascading family process whereby experiences with hostile interparental conflict increases parenting difficulties by undermining parental self-regulatory abilities; (2) examine whether parental neurobiological reactivity to interparental conflict mediates current and prospective associations among interparental conflict and parenting difficulties; (3) identify how parental explicit and implicit representations of the protective and supportive qualities of their intimate relationship may serve as explanatory processes underlying the spillover of distress from the interparental to parent-child relationship, and (4) consistent with calls underscoring the significance of understanding the relative role of mediational mechanisms in process models, specifically test the distinctiveness of each of the three pathways as mechanisms of spillover. To address these objectives, this application will follow a sample of 250 parents and their 3-4 year-old child over three annual measurement occasions. The multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level measurement battery combined with powerful latent based quantitative approaches will generate authoritative tests of novel and theoretically guided hypotheses regarding the robustness of multi-level mechanisms underlying spillover from interparental relation dynamics to parenting.

鉴于家庭结构的等级性质，家庭系统理论将父母间的关系视为 家庭单位的基石（考克斯和佩利，2001年）。虽然父母之间的分歧是经常性的 和家庭生活的正常部分，根深蒂固的，长期的和敌对的争端，建议破坏家庭 功能为了了解父母间的冲突如何在整个家庭系统中产生反响， 父母间不和谐的模型集中在确定父母间冲突如何“溢出”影响 亲子系统中的相互作用（Easterbrooks & Emde，1988）。尽管一代人的研究 在分类父母间子系统和父母-子女子系统之间的“溢出”方面， 了解这种关系背后的机制。过程导向研究在这方面的重要性 高比例的儿童面临父母间的敌意，这一点凸显了这一领域的重要性， 侵略（即，全国儿童健康调查，2003年），据估计，20%至 40%的住在一起的父母报告说，他们的关系中存在显著的临床痛苦水平（Cummings & Davies，2010）。此外，专家们还强调了确定病因的临床价值。 在冲突严重的家庭中养育子女的困难（Emery，芬查姆，& Cummings，1992）。 作为推进面向过程的溢出模型的第一步，该应用程序解决了 以下具体目标：（1）测试一个级联的家庭过程， 冲突通过破坏父母的自我调节能力增加了养育子女的困难;（2）检查是否 父母对父母间冲突的神经生物学反应介导了当前和未来的关联 父母冲突与教养困难之间的关系;（3）确定父母的外显和内隐 他们亲密关系的保护性和支持性特质的表现可能会作为 从父母间关系到亲子关系的痛苦溢出的解释过程， 和（4）与强调理解中介的相对作用的重要性的呼吁一致 过程模型中的机制，具体测试三种途径中每一种的独特性， 溢出机制。 为了实现这些目标，该应用程序将跟踪250名父母及其3-4岁的孩子的样本 孩子每年三次测量。多方法、多信息源、多层次 测量电池结合强大的潜在的定量方法将产生权威的 关于多级机制的鲁棒性的新的和理论指导的假设的测试 父母间关系动态对养育子女的潜在溢出效应。