Interparental Conflict and Parenting in the Context of COVID-19

新冠肺炎大流行对家庭和家庭的健康和福祉具有历史性影响 孩子们。从2020年3月开始，限制病毒传播的努力已经创造了 家庭功能面临前所未有的挑战和压力，包括经济衰退和就业 损失、健康风险、学校关闭和家庭生活中断，以及更多的国内 暴力和严厉的育儿方式。尽管有证据表明新冠肺炎增加了 父母之间的敌意和亲子困难，人们对此知之甚少 新冠肺炎对家庭的影响，特别是它可能如何调节家庭的程度和性质 以修改族的方式在家庭关系或子系统之间建立相互依赖关系 功能正常。植根于家庭制度和溢出效应的理论丰富的概念化 过程，这个时间敏感的应用程序试图探索家族外的扰动是如何 与新冠肺炎相关修改父母间的敌意和不和谐和 严厉、惩罚性的育儿方式。此应用程序基于现有数据集(阶段1，N=235 家庭)，是在紧接疾病开始之前的三年期间收集的 我们建议在新冠肺炎疫情发生后再收集三波数据。 此应用程序的优点包括使用准实验设计 建立冠状病毒感染前--家庭功能基线，以及两个阶段(共六个阶段) 将利用多方法、多信息源、多层次的纵向设计来评估生态 背景、家庭动态、父母和孩子的特征以及育儿行为。本研究 将阐明新冠肺炎如何影响溢出过程，并可能对 并推进新的面向过程的方法，以了解如何 新冠肺炎通过亲本的调节机制调控溢出过程 神经生物学和认知自我调节。此外，本申请将识别 既有的个体或生态因素以及新冠肺炎相关的家庭变化 在溢出过程中起风险或保护因素的作用。此应用程序的结果 将对理解新冠肺炎对家庭的影响具有重大意义 发挥作用，并有很高的潜力产生关于循证目标的知识 预防计划。

The COVID-19 pandemic has historic implications on the health and wellbeing of families and children. Starting in March of 2020, efforts to limit the spread of the virus has created unprecedented challenges and stress to family functioning, including economic declines and job loss, health risks, school closures and disruption to family routines, and increased domestic violence and harsh parenting. Despite evidence indicating that COVID-19 increases rates of interparental hostility and parent-child difficulties, little is known about the lasting effect of COVID-19 on families, particularly how it may modulate the degree and nature of the interdependencies between family relationships or subsystems in ways that modify family functioning. Grounded in the theoretically rich conceptualizations of family systems and spillover processes, this time-sensitive application seeks to explore how the extra-familial perturbations associated with COVID-19 modify associations between interparental hostility and discord and harsh, punitive parenting. This application builds on an existing dataset (Phase 1, N = 235 families) that was collected over a three-year period immediately prior to the onset of the pandemic, and we propose to collect three additional waves of data post-onset of COVID-19. The strength of this application involves the utilization of a quasi-experiment design with the establishment of pre-COVID-baseline for family functioning, and both phases (six waves in total) will utilize multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level longitudinal design to assess ecological contexts, family dynamics, parent and child characteristics, and parenting behaviors. This study will elucidate how COVID-19 impacts spillover processes and may have enduring effects on family functioning and advance new process-oriented approaches to understanding how COVID-19 modulated spillover processes through mediating mechanism of parental neurobiological and cognitive self-regulation. Furthermore, the present application will identify the preexisting individual or ecological factors as well as COVID-19 related changes in family functioning as risk or protective factors in the spillover processes. The results of this application will have significant implications for understanding the ramifications of COVID-19 on family functioning and have high potential to generate knowledge on targets for evidence-based prevention programs.