Comprehensive frameworks of perceptual learning

感知学习的综合框架

• 批准号: 10188537
• 负责人: Takeo Watanabe
• 金额: $ 38.45万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10188537
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amblyopia; Area; Awareness; Brain; Conscious; Data; Development; Disease; Elements; Exposure to; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Intervention; Investigation; Knock-out; Lead; Learning; Location; Measurement; Methods; Motion; Pathologic; Pattern; Perceptual learning; Performance; Phase; Process; Psychophysics; Research; Role; Shapes; Stimulus; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Manifestations; age related; behavior test; experience; experimental study; improved; neurofeedback; visual performance; visual processing

Visual perceptual learning (VPL) is defined as a long-term increase in visual performance as a result of visual experiences. The purpose of the proposed project entitled “Comprehensive frameworks of perceptual learning” is to advance the uncovering of the mechanisms underlying VPL and the basic mechanisms underlying visual and brain plasticity. This may, in turn, lead to interventions that are able to ameliorate diseases affecting vision and other pathological or age-related visual declines. We have identified three issues that must be resolved. First, there are contradictory interpretations of studies as to whether or not task-relevant VPL (R-VPL), defined as VPL of a feature relevant to a given task, is associated with a low- or higher-level stage in visual processing. A second issue involves whether R-VPL and task-irrelevant VPL (I-VPL), defined as VPL of a feature not relevant to a given task, are related to each other and, if they are, what the mechanisms are that connect them. A third issue is that there is no systematic research to test whether VPLs of different features (e.g., motion and shape) have the same underlying mechanism(s). To investigate these two issues, We will test the following three specific aims examining how local and global features are learned, using psychophysics and the online fMRI decoded neurofeedback. Specific Aim 1 will address the question as to which stage in the visual/brain processing and what mechanisms underlie R-VPL of motion. Hypothesis (H)1a: R-VPL of motion consists of both active plasticity developed with conscious effort and passive plasticity developed without conscious effort. H1b: Different types of plasticity in VPL of motion occur at different stages in visual processing as well as in different phases during the time course of learning. Specific Aim 2 will address the similarities between I-VPL and R-VPL of motion. H2a: The plasticity underlying I-VPL of motion is similar to passive plasticity in R-VPL of motion. H2b: I-VPL of motion occurs at the same phase in the timecourse of learning as passive plasticity in R-VPL of motion. Specific Aim 3 will examine how much the mechanisms involved in the VPL of motion can be generalized to VPL of shape of the target stimulus. H3a: There are passive and active plasticity in VPL of shape. H3b: Passive and active plasticity in VPL of shape occurs in different brain areas at different phases in the timecourse of learning. Through these experiments, we aim to provide important information toward a comprehensive framework to integrate and compromise controversies over VPL. !

视觉感知学习（VPL）被定义为视觉表现的长期增长， 视觉体验。拟议的题为“感知的综合框架”的项目的目的是， 学习”是为了进一步揭示虚拟学习的内在机制和基本机制 潜在的视觉和大脑可塑性。这反过来又可能导致能够改善 影响视力的疾病和其他病理性或与年龄相关的视力下降。我们确定了三个问题 必须解决的问题首先，对于任务是否相关， VPL（R-VPL），定义为与给定任务相关的特征的VPL，与低或高级别的 视觉加工的一个阶段第二个问题涉及R-VPL和任务无关VPL（I-VPL）是否被定义为 与给定任务无关的特性的VPL，是否相互关联，如果是，其机制是什么？ 是如何将它们联系起来的第三个问题是，没有系统的研究来测试不同的VPL是否 特征（例如，运动和形状）具有相同的基本机制。为了研究这两个问题， 我们将测试以下三个具体目标，检查如何学习局部和全局特征，使用 心理物理学和在线功能磁共振成像解码的神经反馈。 具体目标1将解决视觉/大脑处理的哪个阶段以及 运动的R-VPL机制。 假设（H）1a：运动的R-VPL由有意识努力发展的主动可塑性和 被动可塑性在没有意识的努力下发展。 H1b：运动VPL的不同类型的可塑性发生在视觉加工的不同阶段， 学习过程中的不同阶段。 具体目标2将讨论运动的I-VPL和R-VPL之间的相似性。 H2 a：I-VPL运动的可塑性与R-VPL运动的被动可塑性相似。 H2 b：运动的I-VPL与R-VPL的被动可塑性在学习的时程中发生在相同的时相。 议案 具体目标3将研究在运动的VPL中涉及的机制有多少 一般化为目标刺激的形状的VPL。 H3 a：形状的VPL存在被动和主动可塑性。 H3 b：形状的VPL的被动和主动可塑性发生在不同的脑区，在不同的时相， 学习的时间过程。 通过这些实验，我们的目标是为一个全面的框架提供重要信息 整合和妥协关于VPL的争议。 !

项目成果

Digital Therapeutics With Visual Discrimination Training for Cortical Blindness in Patients With Chronic Stroke.

• DOI: 10.5853/jos.2023.00276
• 发表时间: 2023-09
• 期刊: Journal of stroke
• 影响因子: 8.2
• 作者: Lee EJ;Kim D;Kim YH;Namgung E;Lee JH;Sasaki Y;Watanabe T;Kang DW
• 通讯作者: Kang DW

Perceptual learning of task-irrelevant features depends on the sensory context

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38586-8
• 发表时间: 2019-02-07
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Bruns, Patrick;Watanabe, Takeo
• 通讯作者: Watanabe, Takeo

Effects of stimulus and task structure on temporal perceptual learning.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80192-6
• 发表时间: 2021-01-12
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Xu R;Church RM;Sasaki Y;Watanabe T
• 通讯作者: Watanabe T

Early Visual Cortex Stimulation Modifies Well-Consolidated Perceptual Gains.

早期视觉皮层刺激会改变巩固良好的感知增益。

• DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa215
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
• 作者: Shmuel,Dean;Frank,SebastianM;Sharon,Haggai;Sasaki,Yuka;Watanabe,Takeo;Censor,Nitzan
• 通讯作者: Censor,Nitzan

Gray Matter Volume in Different Cortical Structures Dissociably Relates to Individual Differences in Capacity and Precision of Visual Working Memory.

• DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa046
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 期刊: Cerebral cortex
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Maro G. Machizawa;J. Driver;Takeo Watanabe