Developing a Positive Approach to Substance Use Prevention in North American Indian Adolescents

制定积极的方法来预防北美印第安青少年的药物使用

• 批准号: 10192607
• 负责人: Nichea Solomon Spillane
• 金额: $ 20.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10192607
• 关键词: ATOD; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Aftercare; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; American Indians; Attention; Behavioral; Canada; Child Rearing; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Control Groups; Data; Development; Disease; Drug Prevention Program; Drug Use Disorder; Educational process of instructing; Emotional; Equilibrium; Family; Family Relationship; Family member; Feedback; Future; Goals; Health; Home; Indigenous; Indigenous American; Intervention; Life; Literature; Mediator of activation protein; Medicine; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Native-Born; North America; North American Indians; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention program; Program Appropriateness; Psyche structure; Psychological reinforcement; Psychology; Public Health; Race; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Risk; Risk Factors; Schools; Severities; Specific qualifier value; Sports; Strategic Planning; Structure; Testing; United States; Waiting Lists; Work; Youth; acceptability and feasibility; adolescent alcohol and drug use; alcohol availability; alcohol misuse prevention; alcohol related consequences; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use; attributable mortality; base; behavioral economics; career; community based participatory research; depressive symptoms; early onset; effectiveness evaluation; efficacy evaluation; efficacy testing; eighth grade; enhancing factor; feasibility testing; follow-up; healing; health disparity; improved; innovation; open label; pilot trial; positive emotional state; preventive intervention; programs; protective factors; psychologic; racial and ethnic; recruit; reinforcer; satisfaction; substance use; substance use prevention; success; theories; therapy development; treatment effect; treatment guidelines

Project Summary Alcohol is one of the primary determinants of health disparity among many Indigenous populations with rates of alcohol-attributable mortality substantially higher than for Whites (73.8 per 100,000 vs. 27.5), and therefore, is a key threat to optimal health and well-being to Indigenous youth. Indigenous youth living in both the US and Canada tend to begin using alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATOD) at earlier ages than most other ethnic/racial groups, and tend to move more quickly to regular use, resulting in earlier onset of ATOD disorders. Despite the severity of the problem, there continues to be an urgent unmet need for effective prevention programs that are culturally tailored to Indigenous populations of the US and Canada. The overall objective of this project is to develop and obtain preliminary data on the acceptability, feasibility, and initial efficacy of Native PATHS (Positive Approaches to reducing Harm from Substance Use). Native PATHS is a strengths-based, family prevention program for Indigenous youth in 5th-8th grade which focuses on delayed ATOD initiation. The development of Native PATHS has been guided by our formative work in this community, taking a behavioral economic and positive psychological approach to prevention. Applied to prevention, behavioral economic theory focuses on reducing the availability of ATOD and increasing ATOD-free alternatives and the reinforcement received from engaging in ATOD-free activities. Activities in Native PATHS will work with families to help with establishing ATOD-free rules, limit physical availability of ATOD in the home, and reinforce youths' participation in ATOD-free activities. Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) focus on increasing positive emotions, life satisfaction, and well-being. PPIs will be used to enhance the enjoyment received from ATOD-free activities and to improve life satisfaction. Native PATHS is culturally consistent with North American Indigenous views of health that describe health in terms of a balance between the physical, spiritual, emotional, and mental aspects of life, which is represented in the teachings of the Medicine Wheel. Collaboratively we will work together with our tribal partner on further adaptation of our program to include family and Indigenous ways of parenting in a culturally meaningful way. The overall goals proposed project will 1) finalize Native PATHS with participation from youth and family members in talking circles and an open pilot trial; 2) assess the effectiveness of Native PATHS in reducing ATOD initiation and intentions to use ATOD. 3) begin to evaluate the possible mechanisms/moderators of action including potential mediators future orientation and alternative reinfocer/activity engagement and reinforcement received, compared to a wait-list control group. We will also evaluate positive affect as a potential moderator of any treatment effect, such that those higher in positive affect will be less likely to engage in ATOD use and be less likely to endorse intentions to use ATOD.

项目概要 酒精是许多土著居民健康差异的主要决定因素之一 酒精所致死亡率远高于白人（每 10 万人 73.8 人，每 10 万人 73.8 人，每 10 万人 27.5 人）， 因此，这是对土著青年最佳健康和福祉的主要威胁。居住在这两个地区的土著青年 美国和加拿大倾向于比大多数人更早开始使用酒精、烟草和其他药物 (ATOD) 其他民族/种族群体，并且往往更快地转向常规使用，导致 ATOD 更早发作 失调。尽管问题很严重，但仍然迫切需要有效的解决方案 针对美国和加拿大原住民文化量身定制的预防计划。整体 该项目的目标是开发并获得有关可接受性、可行性和初步结果的初步数据 Native PATHS（减少药物使用危害的积极方法）的功效。本机 PATHS 是 针对 5 至 8 年级土著青少年的基于优势的家庭预防计划，重点关注延迟 ATOD启动。 Native PATHS 的开发以我们在这个社区的形成工作为指导， 采取行为经济学和积极心理学的方法进行预防。应用于预防， 行为经济学理论侧重于减少 ATOD 的可用性并增加 ATOD-free 替代方案以及从参与无 ATOD 活动中获得的强化。本机路径中的活动 将与家人合作，帮助建立无 ATOD 的规则，限制 ATOD 在家里的实际可用性， 加强青少年参与无 ATOD 活动。积极心理干预（PPI）重点关注 增加积极情绪、生活满意度和幸福感。 PPI 将用于增强享受 从无 ATOD 活动中获得并提高生活满意度。 Native PATHS 在文化上是一致的 北美原住民的健康观将健康描述为身体、身体和健康之间的平衡。 生命的精神、情感和心理方面，这在药轮的教义中有所体现。 我们将与我们的部落合作伙伴共同努力，进一步调整我们的计划，以包括 以具有文化意义的方式了解家庭和原住民的养育方式。拟议项目的总体目标将 1) 在青少年和家庭成员参与谈话圈和开放试点的情况下最终确定本地路径 审判; 2) 评估 Native PATHS 在减少 ATOD 启动和使用 ATOD 意图方面的有效性。 3） 开始评估可能的行动机制/调节因素，包括未来潜在的调解因素 与等候名单相比，定向和替代强化/活动参与和强化得到 对照组。我们还将评估积极情绪作为任何治疗效果的潜在调节因素，例如 积极影响较高的人不太可能参与 ATOD 使用，也不太可能认可意图 使用 ATOD。