The Impact of Product Packaging on Appeal, Knowledge and Risk Perceptions of Cannabis Edibles

项目摘要 近年来，美国大麻合法化的速度迅速增长。这导致 不可燃的大麻产品如食用品（注入大麻的食品）的扩散， 涉及吸入有毒烟雾，可酌情使用，无气味。虽然在娱乐方面很受欢迎， 这些产品构成了独特的公共卫生挑战。尽管食品被包装成吸引人的食物 产品，并被认为比其他大麻产品危害更小， 四氢大麻酚（THC）是大麻中的精神活性成分。虽然吸烟 大麻导致立即高，从消费食品中毒可以延迟长达两个小时，或 更长，持续长达12小时。这可能会导致消费超过推荐的服务，这可能 导致意想不到的，更强烈的，更持久的高潮以及严重的中毒，心血管影响， 和精神病发作由于大麻是在各州的基础上进行管制的， 对产品包装和警告的监管，告知消费者。此外，很少有研究 在食品上进行，导致在理解包装和警告如何影响方面存在重大差距 产品吸引力、知识、危害认知和尝试食用的意愿。本R 01将解决这些差距 通过测试大麻食品产品包装和警告的影响， 的设计.首先，我们将内容分析文本和视觉包装元素的样本产品销售 网上我们将进行两个实验来评估这些元素对产品吸引力和危害的影响 （目标1）。下一步，我们将召集一个专家小组，评估现有的食品警告， 制定扩展警告，以传达有关剂量和急性后果的其他信息。这 警告将与图标配对以增加注意力。将在一个实验中测试， 对知识传播的影响（目标2）。最后，在一个组合实验中，我们将测试 在目标2中针对上诉中的包装营销（目标1中确定）制定的可食用警告， 知识，伤害的看法和愿意尝试在全国代表性的样本（目标3）的食品。 鉴于合法化的步伐很快，再加上告知消费者安全的责任， 消费和使用风险，本研究产生的科学证据将及时， 国家决策者在制定知情法规时迫切需要，包括 传播知识，以尽量减少伤害。这个应用程序是直接响应NIDA的研究 NOT-DA-19-065（大麻公共卫生研究）中概述的优先领域，包括 大麻行业的做法，如营销和对大麻使用和结果的警告。

Project Summary The rate of cannabis legalization in the U.S. has increased rapidly in recent years. This has led to the proliferation of non-combustible cannabis products, like edibles (cannabis-infused food products), that do not involve inhaling toxic smoke, can be used with discretion, and have no smell. While popular in recreational states, these products pose unique public health challenges. Although edibles are packaged as appealing food products and are perceived to be less harmful than other cannabis products, there is an increased risk for the overconsumption of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component in cannabis. While smoking cannabis results in an immediate high, intoxication from consuming edibles can be delayed up to two hours or more and last up to 12 hours. This can lead to consuming more than the recommended serving, which can result in unexpected, stronger, and longer-lasting highs as well as severe intoxication, cardiovascular effects, and psychotic episodes. Since cannabis is regulated on a state-by-state basis, there is substantial variation in the regulation of product packaging and warnings that inform consumers. Furthermore, little research has been conducted on edibles, resulting in significant gaps in understanding how packaging and warnings impact product appeal, knowledge, harm perceptions and willingness to try edibles. This R01 will address these gaps by testing the impact of cannabis edibles product packaging and warnings using controlled, experimental designs. First, we will content analyze text and visual packaging elements of a sample of products marketed online. We will conduct two experiments to evaluate the impact of these elements on product appeal and harm perceptions (Aim 1). Next, we will convene an expert panel that will evaluate existing edibles warnings and develop an expanded warning to convey additional information about dosing and acute consequences. This warning will be paired with an icon to increase attention. Warnings will be tested in an experiment to evaluate their impact on communicating knowledge (Aim 2). Finally, in a combined experiment, we will test the impact of the edible warning developed in Aim 2 in the context of package marketing (identified in Aim 1) on appeal, knowledge, harm perceptions and willingness to try edibles in a nationally representative sample (Aim 3). Given the rapid pace of legalization, coupled with the responsibility of informing consumers about safe consumption and the risks of use, the scientific evidence generated from this study will be timely and is urgently needed by state policymakers as they develop informed regulations, including best practices for communicating knowledge to minimize harms. This application is directly responsive to NIDA’s research priority areas outlined in NOT-DA-19-065 (Public Health Research on Cannabis), including the impact of cannabis industry practices like marketing and warnings on cannabis use and outcomes.