Circuit structure and dynamics in prefrontal-limbic networks

项目摘要 灵长类动物的外侧前额叶皮质(LPFC)和前扣带回皮质(ACC)相互作用，如 执行控制网络的关键组件。然而，这些区域参与了不同的外在电路 在增强任务相关性和抑制任务无关时，呈现出时间上不同的激活模式 指导行为的信息。LPFC快速编码并瞬时存储感觉-运动信息，用于 持续更新手头任务的“工作记忆”中的信息。作为时间和认知- 情感需求增加(即，要考虑的时间上不同的动机变量的数量更多)， 此外，行政协调委员会还在参与其中。作为边缘网络的一部分，ACC可以整合情感和 助记信息调节认知任务，既有快速的，也有较长时间的。大脑皮层 兴奋性和抑制性突触网络决定信号的空间和时间动力学 认知任务中的增强或抑制。这一提议的科学前提是，关键是 ACC和LPFC在行为加工的时间动力学上的差异是由于网络的不同 这些区域的兴奋性-抑制性(E：I)突触平衡，目前仍知之甚少。我们最近的工作 提示ACC神经元中较高的抑制性音调和较长的膜时间常数可能有助于 时间范围更长，便于集成。这一提议的总体假设是非常独特的 时差动力学基础上的ACC和LPFC的兴奋-抑制和神经调制回路 这两个领域对认知-情绪整合的信号处理。利用多尺度神经解剖学， 成年恒河猴体内外电生理、药理和光遗传学技术 (猕猴)，我们的目标是研究控制时间动力学的抑制电路的特性。 ACC与LPFC锥体神经元活动，以及杏仁核边缘输入如何影响交流 在ACC-LPFC网络内。我们将研究GABA能和神经调节对这些前额叶的影响 与压力和情绪的调节密切相关的网络。在目标1中，我们将调查 用体外电生理学和药理学方法研究时间不同抑制回路的特性 分离快慢抑制电流的技术，以及分类的神经解剖学技术 基于其受体和神经支配模式的抑制性神经元。在目标2中，我们将确定 ACC和LPFC的差异抑制信号影响体外和体内不同网络振荡的能力 活着。在目标3中，我们将研究ACC杏仁核与ACCLPFC投射的性质，以及这些投射是如何 利用光遗传学和3D电子显微镜，神经元接受来自杏仁核的突触输入。颠覆 在这个ACC-LPFC前额-边缘网络内的E：I平衡和振荡动力学是核心 认知-情感性精神障碍的神经病理学。拟议的研究将揭示 灵长类动物认知-情绪整合正常和中断的潜在回路机制。

PROJECT ABSTRACT The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in primates interact with each other, as key components of the executive control network. However, these areas participate in distinct extrinsic circuits and exhibit temporally-distinct activation patterns as they enhance task-relevant and suppresses task-irrelevant information to guide behavior. The LPFC rapidly encodes and transiently stores sensory-motor information for continuous updating of information in “working memory” for the task at hand. As temporal and cognitive- emotional demands increase (i.e., a higher number of temporally distinct motivational variables to consider), the ACC is additionally engaged. The ACC, as part of the limbic network, can integrate emotional and mnemonic information to modulate cognitive tasks that span both rapid and longer timescales. Cortical excitatory and inhibitory synaptic networks determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of signal enhancement or suppression in cognitive tasks. The scientific premise of this proposal is that the key differences in the temporal dynamics of processing in ACC vs LPFC in behavior are due to differences network excitatory-inhibitory (E:I) synaptic balance in these areas, which remain poorly understood. Our recent work suggests that higher inhibitory tone and longer membrane time constant in ACC neurons likely contribute to a longer temporal range for integration. The overall hypothesis of this proposal is that highly distinctive excitatory-inhibitory and neuromodulatory circuits in the ACC and LPFC underlie differential temporal dynamics of signal processing for cognitive-emotional integration by these two areas. Using multi-scale neuroanatomical, in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological, pharmacologic and optogenetic techniques in adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), we aim to study the properties of inhibitory circuits that control the temporal dynamics of ACC vs LPFC pyramidal neuron activity, and how limbic input from the amygdala influences communication within the ACC-LPFC network. We will study GABAergic and neuromodulatory influences on these prefrontal networks that are highly implicated in the regulation of stress and emotions. In Aim 1 we will investigate the properties of temporally-distinct inhibitory circuits, using in vitro electrophysiological and pharmacological techniques to isolate fast versus slow inhibitory currents, as well as neuroanatomical techniques to classify inhibitory neurons based on their receptors and innervation patterns. In Aim 2 we will determine whether differential inhibitory signaling in ACC vs LPFC affects capacities for diverse network oscillations in vitro and in vivo. In Aim 3 we will study the properties of ACCamygdala vs ACCLPFC projections and how these neurons receive synaptic input from the amygdala, using optogenetics and 3D electron microscopy. Disruption of the E:I balance and oscillatory dynamics within this ACC-LPFC prefrontal-limbic network is the core neuropathology in cognitive-affective psychiatric disorders. The proposed study will shed light on the underlying circuit mechanisms of normal and disrupted cognitive-emotional integration in primates.