Physiology and structure of prefrontal projections to memory and motor circuits

记忆和运动回路前额叶投射的生理学和结构

• 批准号: 8715865
• 负责人: Maria Medalla
• 金额: $ 8.55万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8715865
• 关键词: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Acute; Address; Adult; Anatomy; Anterior; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Axon; Biological Sciences; Biology; Biomedical Research; Boston; Brain; Carbachol; Cells; Collaborations; Coupling; Data; Dendrites; Disease; Efferent Neurons; Electron Microscope; Electron Microscopy; Electrons; Engineering; Environment; Event; Excitatory Synapse; Fiber; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Heart; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; In Vitro; Inhibitory Synapse; Institution; Interdisciplinary Study; Label; Laboratories; Lasers; Lead; Learning; Macaca mulatta; Medial; Mediating; Medical; Membrane; Memory; Mental Depression; Mentors; Mentorship; Microscope; Microscopic; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Motor; Motor Pathways; Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neuromodulator; Neurons; Neurosciences; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Primates; Property; Publications; Recording of previous events; Research; Resolution; Resources; Role; Scanning; Seminal; Slice; Spinal; Structure; Synapses; System; Techniques; Testing; Tissues; Training; Universities; Work; acetylcholine receptor agonist; base; brain surgery; brain tissue; career development; cholinergic; cingulate cortex; design; entorhinal cortex; executive function; experience; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; inhibitory neuron; long term memory; medical schools; patch clamp; postsynaptic; programs; public health relevance; receptor; research study; response; tissue processing; tissue/cell culture

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to understand the cellular pathway basis of prefrontal executive control of memory and motor information, for using past events to guide future action. Due to its strong reciprocal connections with the medial temporal entorhinal (EC) and premotor cortices (PMC), the medial prefrontal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is strategically positioned to serve as the interface between 'long-term memory' and 'motor planning' systems. The ACC coordinates activity-thereby gating information flow-within EC and PMC, which have distinctive anatomical circuits with unique network oscillatory dynamics. How the ACC regulates these two areas is largely unknown. While a number of neuromodulators influence cortical network dynamics, this project will focus on acetylcholine (ACh) due to its critical role in learning and memory. The overall hypothesis of this project is tht ACC projection neurons to EC and to PMC possess distinct intrinsic, synaptic, and cholinergic neuromodulatory properties that underlie differential control of their postsynaptic targets. Dr. Medalla will test this hypothesis by combining neuroanatomical tract-tracing with in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recording and intracellular filling of retrogradely-labeled neurons in slices prepared from adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Structural analyses of neurons from which recordings are obtained will be conducted using high-resolution laser-scanning confocal imaging and electron microscopy of filled dendrites. This project will lead to a better understanding of prefrontal cortical microcircuitry and mechanisms underlying executive control of learning and memory systems, and the misattribution of context and drive for goal-directed action in depression and other mood and anxiety disorders. To date Dr. Medalla's research endeavors have been dedicated to understanding the structural synaptic pathway basis of functional specialization in the primate prefrontal cortex, using tract-tracing and electron microscopic techniques. The proposed project will use Dr. Medalla's experience in neuroanatomy combined with current training in electrophysiological techniques to address some outstanding issues in prefrontal circuitry, under the mentorship of Dr. Jennifer Luebke, one of the few world experts in whole-cell patch clamp in vitro slice recording techniques in primates. The project will also benefit from the support of collaborators, Dr. Alan Peters, a renowned expert in electron microscopy and cortical ultrastructure, and Dr. Douglas Rosene, an expert in primate neuroanatomy. Drs. Michael Hasselmo and Howard Eichenbaum will serve as consultants to this project; their expertise in learning and memory as well as cholinergic modulation of limbic and cortical systems will be invaluable during the implementation of these experiments. In the mentored phase, studies will focus on the intrinsic, firing and resonance properties of ACC projection neurons to EC and PMC, and their modulation by ACh. In the independent phase, studies will address the cholinergic modulation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic responses and the structure of synapses onto these projection neurons, and the interaction EC and PMC pathways within ACC using dual patch-clamp recording and bi-directional pathway tracing. The work from the proposed studies will provide Dr. Medalla with data for high quality publications as well as preliminary data for formulating a competitive application for an R01, which will be centered on further studies of the structure and function of prefrontal cortical microcircuitry. The work in the proposed studies will be conducted at Boston University, an institution with a rich history of well-established multidisciplinary research in th field of Neuroscience. In particular, the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology at the School of Medicine is a collaborative scientific environment with a long- standing history of seminal work on the structure and function of the primate brain. The main experiments in this proposal will be conducted in the Luebke Laboratory, located at the heart of the Medical Campus Evans Biomedical Research Center, which is fully equipped for preparation and electrophysiologic recording in acute and organotypic cortical slices and tissue cell cultures. Other aspects of the proposed experiments will be conducted in collaboration with the Rosene Laboratory for primate brain surgery and tissue processing, and the Peters Laboratory for examining tissue under the electron microscope. The confocal imaging for the proposed studies will be conducted in the Biology Imaging Core at the Life Science and Engineering Building, managed by Dr. Todd Blute, equipped with a state-of-the art Zeiss-510 laser-scanning confocal microscope. Through its extensive academic opportunities, resources, and state-of-the art facilities, BU provides an ideal environment for the mentoring and career development of Dr. Medalla, and the execution of the research goals in the proposed project. These resources at BU will facilitate the training of Dr. Medalla to become an expert electrophysiologist and initiate her own independent cutting-edge research program that investigates prefrontal pathway-specific interactions with receptors, channels, and diverse types of inhibitory neurons, using a structure-function framework at the synaptic, cellular and network levels.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是了解记忆和运动信息的前额叶执行控制的细胞通路基础，以便使用过去的事件来指导未来的行动。由于其强大的相互连接与内侧颞内嗅（EC）和前运动皮层（PMC），内侧前额叶前扣带皮层（ACC）的战略定位，作为“长期记忆”和“运动规划”系统之间的接口。ACC协调活动，从而门控EC和PMC内的信息流，这具有独特的解剖电路与独特的网络振荡动力学。ACC如何管理这两个领域在很大程度上是未知的。虽然许多神经调节剂会影响皮质网络动态，但由于乙酰胆碱（ACh）在学习和记忆中发挥着关键作用，该项目将重点关注它。该项目的总体假设是，ACC投射到EC和PMC的神经元具有不同的内在、突触和胆碱能神经调节特性，这些特性是其突触后靶点的差异控制的基础。Medalla博士将通过将神经解剖学追踪与体外全细胞膜片钳记录和成年恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）切片中逆行标记神经元的细胞内填充相结合来验证这一假设。将使用高分辨率激光扫描共聚焦成像和填充树突的电子显微镜对获得记录的神经元进行结构分析。该项目将导致更好地理解前额叶皮层微电路和学习和记忆系统的执行控制机制，以及对抑郁症和其他情绪和焦虑症中的背景和目标导向行动的错误归因。 迄今为止，Medalla博士的研究工作一直致力于了解灵长类前额叶皮层功能特化的结构突触通路基础，使用追踪和电子显微镜技术。拟议的项目将利用Medalla博士在神经解剖学方面的经验，结合目前在电生理技术方面的培训，以解决前额叶回路中的一些突出问题，在Jennifer Luebke博士的指导下，Jennifer Luebke博士是灵长类动物全细胞膜片钳体外切片记录技术的少数世界专家之一。该项目还将受益于合作者的支持，电子显微镜和皮层超微结构领域的著名专家艾伦·彼得斯博士和灵长类动物神经解剖学专家道格拉斯·罗格斯博士。Michael Hasselmo博士和霍华德Eichenbaum博士将担任该项目的顾问;他们在学习和记忆以及边缘系统和皮层系统的胆碱能调节方面的专业知识在这些实验的实施过程中将是无价的。在指导阶段，研究将集中在ACC投射神经元的内在，放电和共振特性，EC和PMC，和他们的调制ACh。在独立阶段，研究将解决胆碱能调制的兴奋性和抑制性突触反应和突触的结构到这些投射神经元，并在ACC内的相互作用EC和PMC通路使用双膜片钳记录和双向路径跟踪。拟议研究的工作将为Medalla博士提供高质量出版物的数据，以及制定R 01竞争性应用的初步数据，该应用将集中于进一步研究前额叶皮层微电路的结构和功能。 拟议研究的工作将在波士顿大学进行，该大学在神经科学领域具有丰富的多学科研究历史。特别是，医学院的解剖学和神经生物学系是一个合作的科学环境，在灵长类动物大脑的结构和功能方面有着悠久的开创性工作历史。该提案中的主要实验将在Luebke实验室进行，该实验室位于医学校园Evans生物医学研究中心的中心，该中心配备了完整的急性和器官型皮质切片和组织细胞培养物的制备和电生理记录。拟议实验的其他方面将与罗丹实验室合作进行灵长类动物脑外科手术和组织处理，彼得斯实验室在电子显微镜下检查组织。拟定研究的共聚焦成像将在生命科学与工程大楼的生物成像中心进行，由托德·布鲁特博士管理，配备最先进的蔡司-510激光扫描共聚焦显微镜。 通过其广泛的学术机会，资源和最先进的设施，BU为Medalla博士的指导和职业发展以及拟议项目中研究目标的执行提供了理想的环境。这些资源将促进Medalla博士的培训，使其成为一名专家电生理学家，并启动她自己的独立尖端研究计划，该计划使用突触，细胞和网络水平的结构功能框架，研究前额叶通路与受体，通道和不同类型的抑制性神经元的特定相互作用。