New Insights into the Federal Calorie Labeling Law

对联邦卡路里标签法的新见解

• 批准号: 10372096
• 负责人: Jason Perry Block
• 金额: $ 32.96万
• 依托单位: HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-20 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10372096
• 关键词: Affect; Affordable Care Act; Applications Grants; Beverages; Calories; Characteristics; Consumption; Data; Eating; Evaluation; Food; Food Chain; Food Industry; Food Policy; Foundations; Funding; Future; Health; Health Food; Health Professional; Home; Industry; Internet; Knowledge; Label; Laws; Lead; Louisiana; Measures; Mississippi; Modeling; New England; Nutrition Policy; Obesity; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Policies; Public Health; Records; Regulation; Research; Restaurants; Silver; Site; Social Change; Source; Supermarket; Testing; Texas; Time; Transact; Twitter; Unhealthy Diet; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Work; adult obesity; cost effective; cost effectiveness; experimental study; fast food; insight; large datasets; novel; nutrition; obesity in children; obesity prevention; response; social media; social norm

Project Summary/Abstract Consumption of “away-from-home” or prepared foods is rising and contributes to poor diet, obesity and related health problems. Prepared foods include “ready-to-eat” food purchased outside the home at restaurants and other retail food stores. While most prepared foods are sold in restaurants, increasingly, supermarkets and other similar food retailers are offering these products. By April/May 2017, most chain food retailers in the United States began posting calories on restaurant menus and on prepared foods. These retailers did so in anticipation of coming federal regulations that will require calorie labeling. The regulations were initially set for implementation in May 2017 but were delayed until May 2018; by this date, all chain food retailers with 20 or more sites across the US will be required to label. This grant proposal will be the most comprehensive and objective examination of calorie labeling to date, covering different settings (fast-food restaurants, supermarkets) and potential effects of labeling (customer purchases, reformulation of food items, health outcomes, altered social norms). Conducted in partnership with a large fast-food chain franchisee in the South and a large supermarket chain in the Northeastern United States, we will examine transaction records from 93 fast-food restaurants and 194 supermarkets to determine whether calories purchased from prepared foods change after labeling. The research team also will track the nutrition characteristics of items sold at the largest US restaurant chains and at a supermarket chain to determine whether the food industry introduces new lower-calorie products after labeling or reformulates existing products to be lower calorie. We will incorporate all of these results on changes after labeling into a model that will predict whether obesity rates also change after labeling. Further, by examining mentions, searches and sentiment regarding calories, labeling, and food establishments on the internet and social media platforms, this study will have an unprecedented opportunity to determine whether calorie labeling has a broader societal effect, beyond purchasing and health outcomes. To date, all calorie labeling research has been conducted in restaurants, cafeterias, or lab settings. This study will be the one of the few to examine comprehensive transaction records from food retailers, the first to evaluate the effect of calorie labeling on supermarket prepared foods, and the first to examine the impact of a federal nutrition policy on internet and social media discussions regarding calories and labeling. Funding this research will lay the foundation for a number of exciting future research opportunities. This project will lead to the creation of a large dataset of transactions over time from restaurants and supermarkets and data from internet and social media platforms that could be used for evaluation of future policies, such as the US Food and Drug Administration’s forthcoming changes to the Nutrition Facts label. The partnership with a large fast-food chain franchisee and a large supermarket chain also may lead to real-world experiments of strategies to augment calorie labeling. This project will provide important answers to policymakers, industry leaders, and public health professionals about whether and how calorie labeling works.

项目总结/摘要 “远离家庭”或预制食品的消费正在增加，导致饮食不良、肥胖和 相关的健康问题。预制食品包括在户外购买的“即食”食品， 餐馆和其他零售食品店。虽然大多数预制食品都在餐馆出售，但越来越多的是， 超市和其他类似的食品零售商都提供这些产品。到2017年4月/5月，大多数连锁食品 美国的零售商开始在餐馆菜单和熟食上标明卡路里。这些 零售商这样做是因为他们预期联邦法规将要求在食品上贴上卡路里标签。规定 最初定于2017年5月实施，但推迟到2018年5月;到那时，所有连锁食品 在美国拥有20个或更多网站的零售商将被要求贴上标签。这项拨款提案将是最 全面和客观的检查热量标签的日期，涵盖不同的设置（快餐 餐馆，超市）和标签的潜在影响（顾客购买，食品的重新配制， 健康结果，改变社会规范）。与一家大型快餐连锁加盟商合作， 在美国南部和东北部的一家大型连锁超市，我们将研究交易 93家快餐店和194家超市的记录，以确定是否从 食品在贴上标签后会发生变化。研究小组还将跟踪项目的营养特征 在美国最大的连锁餐厅和连锁超市出售，以确定食品行业是否 在贴上标签后推出新的低热量产品，或重新配制现有产品以降低热量。我们 将把所有这些关于标签后变化的结果整合到一个模型中， 贴标签后，利率也会发生变化。此外，通过检查关于卡路里的提及，搜索和情绪， 标签，以及互联网和社交媒体平台上的食品企业，这项研究将有一个 这是一个前所未有的机会，可以确定卡路里标签是否具有更广泛的社会影响， 购买和健康结果。到目前为止，所有的卡路里标签研究都是在餐馆进行的， 实验室，或实验室设置。这项研究将是为数不多的审查全面交易记录的研究之一 来自食品零售商，第一个评估超市预制食品卡路里标签的影响， 首先检查联邦营养政策对互联网和社交媒体讨论的影响， 卡路里和标签。资助这项研究将为未来许多令人兴奋的研究奠定基础 机会该项目将导致随着时间的推移， 餐馆和超市以及来自互联网和社交媒体平台的数据， 对未来政策的评估，例如美国食品和药物管理局即将对 营养成分标签与一家大型快餐连锁加盟商和一家大型连锁超市的合作关系 也可能导致现实世界的实验策略，以增加卡路里标签。本项目将提供 为决策者、行业领导者和公共卫生专业人员提供了重要的答案， 卡路里标签有效。