What role does cannabis use have in anxiety? Examining the moderating effect of sensitivity to unpredictable threat.

项目摘要/摘要 该奖学金的目标是进一步发展申请者在焦虑方面的知识和研究技能 以及共病障碍、先进的统计方法(特别是纵向方法)和心理生理学。 根据这些目标，申请人培训的基础将是与以下各项相关的日常活动 建议对焦虑和大麻使用之间的方向关系进行研究(即，焦虑是否 与随后的大麻使用有关和/或大麻的使用是否与随后的焦虑有关) 以及对不可预测威胁(SUT)的敏感性是否缓和了这些方向性关系。该项目将 作为申请者的论文，帮助她实现成为一名独立调查员的目标 利用心理生理学技术来加深我们对跨诊断结构的理解，包括 SUT(此多样性NRSA应用程序中检查的主要构造之一)导致以下漏洞 焦虑症(ADS)和共生的精神病态。拟议的培训计划是多层面的 并包括课程作业、定期赞助商会议、统计培训和专业发展活动。 除了申请者需要获得的技能外，该项目的目标与NIMH的几个方面是一致的 战略计划，因为它有可能极大地促进对促成广告的过程的理解 经常与大麻使用障碍(CUD)并存。理解广告之间的共病是至关重要的 和CUDS，因为这种共病与代价高昂的社会和经济后果以及CUD的发生率有关 由于最近社会可接受性和国家大麻法律的变化，可能会进一步增加。 生态瞬时评估(EMA)是一种可以帮助阐明时间关系的方法 焦虑和大麻的使用之间的差异，因为它捕捉到了情绪和行为发生时的细微变化。这个 然而，EMA关于焦虑和大麻使用的少数研究是混合的，并有几个重要的 限制。此外，可能有特定的个体差异因素影响了 焦虑和吸食大麻。对不可预测的威胁(SUT)的高度敏感性就是这样的个体差异之一 这是一个重要因素，因为它意味着广告的脆弱性，也可能在大麻使用中发挥作用。本研究将 因此，使用多方法评估SUT(例如，肌电惊厥、事件相关电位和自我报告) 测试(1)大麻使用和焦虑之间的方向关系(以及SUT MORE的状态经验 具体地说)和(2)特质SUT是否调节状态焦虑(和状态)之间的时间关系 在为期两周的EMA期间，60名中度大麻使用者使用了SUT)和大麻。此项目的指导 将由精神病理学、物质使用、EMA和心理生理学领域的专家提供 (赞助商：尚克曼和梅梅尔斯坦，合作者：蔡尔兹)这一奖学金不仅将是一项重要的 在申请者的研究生涯中迈出一步，但如果假设得到支持，它将有助于指导发展 针对与这一难以治疗的人群相关的独特生物脆弱性过程的新干预措施。

Project Summary/Abstract The goals of this fellowship are to further develop the applicant’s knowledge and research skills in anxiety and comorbid disorders, advanced statistical methods (particularly longitudinal methods), and psychophysiology. In line with these goals, the cornerstone of the applicant’s training will be the daily activities associated with the proposed study of the directional relationships between anxiety and cannabis use (i.e., whether anxiety is associated with subsequent cannabis use and/or whether cannabis use is associated with subsequent anxiety) and whether sensitivity to unpredictable threat (SUT) moderates these directional relationships. The project will serve as the applicant’s dissertation and help her pursue her goal of becoming an independent investigator who utilizes psychophysiological techniques to further our understanding of how transdiagnostic constructs, including SUT (one of the main constructs examined in this diversity NRSA application), contribute to vulnerability for anxiety disorders (ADs) and co-occurring psychopathologies. The proposed training plan is multidimensional and includes course work, regular sponsor meetings, statistical training, and professional development activities. In addition to the skills to be gained by the applicant, the project’s goal is consistent with several facets of NIMH’s strategic plans as it has the potential to greatly advance understanding of the processes contributing to why ADs frequently co-occur with cannabis use disorders (CUDs). It is critical to understand the comorbidity between ADs and CUDs as this comorbidity is associated with costly social and economic consequences and rates of CUDs may further increase due to recent changes in social acceptability and state cannabis laws. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a method that can help elucidate the temporal relationship between anxiety and cannabis use as it captures subtle variations in mood and behavior as they occur. The handful of EMA studies on anxiety and cannabis use have been mixed, however, and had several important limitations. Moreover, there are likely specific individual difference factors that impact the association between anxiety and cannabis use. Heightened sensitivity to unpredictable threat (SUT) is one such individual difference factor as it connotes vulnerability for ADs and is also likely to play a role in cannabis use. The present study will therefore utilize a multimethod assessment of SUT (e.g., EMG startle, event-related potentials, and self-report) to test (1) the directional relationship between cannabis use and anxiety (and state experiences of SUT more specifically) and (2) whether trait SUT moderates the temporal relationships between state anxiety (and state SUT) and cannabis use in 60 moderate cannabis users over a 2-week EMA period. Mentorship for this project will be provided by experts in the areas of psychopathology, substance use, EMA, and psychophysiology (sponsors: Shankman and Mermelstein, and collaborator: Childs). This fellowship will not only be an important step in the applicant’s research career, but if the hypotheses are supported, it would help guide the development of novel interventions targeting unique biologic vulnerability processes related to this difficult-to-treat population.