Biological Embedding of Childhood Obesity: Stress Responsive Systems and Sleep

儿童肥胖的生物嵌入：压力反应系统和睡眠

• 批准号: 10389563
• 负责人: Tiffany Phu
• 金额: $ 3.53万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER (COLORADO SEMINARY)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10389563
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Animals; Attention; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biological Process; Biology; Body mass index; Child; Child Health; Childhood; Clinical; Communities; Data; Development; Dissociation; Elements; Faculty; Family; Fellowship; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Health; Hormonal; Human; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Infant; Intervention; Lead; Learning Skill; Literature; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Nursery Schools; Obesity; Output; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Perception; Physical activity; Physiological; Physiology; Pituitary Gland; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention program; Psychology; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Running; Salivary; School-Age Population; Scientist; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Standardization; Statistical Models; Stress; System; Testing; Toddler; Training; Training Activity; United States; Universities; Writing; abuse neglect; alpha-amylase; biological systems; career; community partnership; contextual factors; design; developmental psychobiology; early childhood; effective intervention; experience; high body mass index; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; indexing; infancy; inflammatory marker; interest; longitudinal design; middle childhood; multidimensional data; negative affect; nutrition; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; obesogenic; overweight child; poor sleep; predictive modeling; programs; response; saliva sample; skills; sleep behavior; sleep health; sleep quality; stress reactivity; stressor

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT About a fifth of U.S. children are obese. Pediatric obesity has significant long-term ramifications for adult health. Despite federal initiatives targeting physical activity and nutrition, rates of pediatric obesity have not significantly decreased in the last two decades. This warrants increased attention to factors instantiating risk for later obesity. Few studies examining stress biology and child obesity utilize longitudinal designs, objective measures of stress, or integrate across multiple biological systems despite increasing acknowledgement of their complicated interplay. The current proposal seeks to address gaps in the literature by integrating several biological and developmental systems during early childhood into a predictive model for later overweight/ obesity. Biological systems of interest include the Sympathetic Adrenal-Medullary (SAM) System, which quickly triggers physiologic and behavioral reactions to stressors, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis, a hormonal response system reacting to longer-term stressors. This study utilizes collected data (RC1DK086376 PI: Lumeng/Miller) to examine: (1) pathways between SAM system and HPA Axis functioning during a standardized stress task in toddlers and body-mass index (BMI) in middle childhood, (2) bi-directional longitudinal associations between behavioral sleep quality and BMI across preschool to middle childhood, and (3) the moderating role of behavioral sleep quality in longitudinal relationships between SAM system and HPA axis stress reactivity in preschool and BMI in middle childhood. Children provided saliva samples throughout a standardized stress task, from which cortisol (primary output of the HPA axis) and alpha amylase (indicating SAM system activity) were assayed. Results will elucidate early biological embedding of risk for overweight/ obesity and can inform concurrent type and timing of effective interventions. An extensive training plan has been designed alongside the current study to equip the applicant with skills needed for an independent research career as a clinical scientist. Fellowship training goals are to: (1) Refine distinct research interests and position for a clinical scientist career leading to an impactful research program, (2) Learn skills needed to independently run a lab, (3) Hone skills in statistical modeling suited for longitudinal, multi-dimensional data representing several biological systems, (4) Build productive, bi-directional community partnerships and skills in disseminating research, and (5) Develop grant-writing skills. The applicant has assembled a dedicated, inter- disciplinary team of scientists with relevant expertise in sleep, stress biology, obesogenic pathways, family contextual factors, and community-academic partnerships. Training activities will primarily occur in the Depart- ment of Psychology, University of Denver, where faculty conduct interdisciplinary, developmental psycho- biology research using a variety of methodologies (e.g., fMRI, inflammatory markers). This training grant will catalyze an independent research program investigating critical intersections of sleep, stress, and child health.

项目总结/摘要 大约五分之一的美国儿童肥胖。儿童肥胖症对成人肥胖症有显著的长期影响。 健康尽管联邦采取了针对体育活动和营养的措施，但儿童肥胖率并没有 在过去的二十年里大幅下降。这就需要更多地关注引起风险的因素 对于后来的肥胖症。很少有研究探讨压力生物学和儿童肥胖利用纵向设计，目的 压力的措施，或整合在多个生物系统，尽管越来越多的承认， 复杂的相互作用目前的建议试图通过整合几个方面来解决文献中的空白。 将儿童早期的生物和发育系统转化为后来超重的预测模型/ 肥胖感兴趣的生物系统包括交感肾上腺髓质（SAM）系统，其快速地 触发对压力源的生理和行为反应，以及下丘脑-肾上腺-肾上腺轴（HPA轴）， 荷尔蒙反应系统对长期压力的反应。本研究使用收集的数据（RC 1DK 086376 PI：Lumeng/米勒）检查：（1）SAM系统和HPA轴之间的通路在 标准化压力任务在幼儿和体重指数（BMI）在童年中期，（2）双向 行为睡眠质量与学龄前至儿童中期BMI之间的纵向关联，以及 (3)行为睡眠质量在SAM系统与HPA纵向关系中的调节作用 学龄前的轴应激反应和儿童中期的BMI。儿童在整个过程中提供唾液样本， 标准化的压力任务，从皮质醇（HPA轴的主要输出）和α淀粉酶（指示 SAM系统活性）。结果将阐明超重风险的早期生物学嵌入， 肥胖，并可以告知并发类型和有效干预的时间。一个广泛的培训计划， 与当前的研究一起设计，以使申请人具备独立工作所需的技能。 作为临床科学家的研究生涯研究生培养的目标是：（1）提炼不同的研究兴趣 和临床科学家的职业生涯导致一个有影响力的研究计划，（2）学习所需的技能， 独立运行实验室，（3）磨练适合纵向多维数据的统计建模技能 代表几个生物系统，（4）建立生产性，双向社区伙伴关系和技能 （5）培养撰写研究资助申请的技能。申请人已成立了一个专门的，内部- 由在睡眠、压力生物学、致胖途径、家庭和精神疾病方面具有相关专业知识的科学家组成的学科团队 环境因素和社区-学术伙伴关系。培训活动将主要发生在部门- 心理学，丹佛大学，教师进行跨学科，发展心理学， 使用多种方法学的生物学研究（例如，fMRI，炎症标记物）。该培训补助金将 促进一项独立的研究计划，调查睡眠，压力和儿童健康的关键交叉点。