Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR)

失语症康复研究中心 (C-STAR)

• 批准号: 10390284
• 负责人: JULIUS FRIDRIKSSON
• 金额: $ 248.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390284
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Anodes; Aphasia; Area; Behavioral; Biography; Brain; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Collaborations; Communication; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Double-Blind Method; Double-blind trial; Drug usage; Education; Elderly; Employment Opportunities; Enrollment; Escitalopram; Family; Financial Support; Friends; Funding; Goals; Health; Impairment; Improve Access; Individual; Language; Language Disorders; Left; Lesion; Life Expectancy; Manuscripts; Maps; Measures; Microvascular Dysfunction; Modeling; Neuropsychology; North America; Outcome; Patients; Peer Review; Persons; Pharmacotherapy; Phase; Phase I/II Clinical Trial; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Production; Public Health; Publications; Publishing; Quality of life; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Severities; South Carolina; Speech; Stroke; Survival Rate; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Translating; United States; Universities; Work; aphasia recovery; base; brain health; brain tissue; chronic stroke; disability; double-blind placebo controlled trial; improved; improved outcome; language processing; machine learning method; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; outcome prediction; post stroke; programs; relating to nervous system; response; speech processing; stroke incidence; stroke patient; stroke survivor; stroke-induced aphasia; success; syntax; telerehabilitation; therapy outcome

Summary: Overall section Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States, making it a major public health concern (1). Approximately a quarter of all chronic stroke survivors present with aphasia, a language disorder caused by damage to the speech and language areas of the brain (3, 4). In a recently published report, Simmons-Mackie (1) estimates that over two million people in North America are currently living with aphasia. Stroke is typically thought to affect older persons; however, the incidence of stroke in younger individuals has been steadily increasing (2). In fact, at least half of all stroke patients in the state of South Carolina are under the age of 60 (2). Aphasia can vary in severity from very profound impairment that renders patients mute and without the ability to understand others’ speech, to milder forms where patients have great difficulty retrieving specific words. In the chronic stage of stroke, aphasia has been identified as the strongest predictor of poor quality of life. Aphasia not only influences the ability to communicate with family and friends, but also drastically decreases education and employment opportunities. Although some degree of spontaneous recovery from aphasia is typical in the first weeks and months following stroke, many patients are left with devastating communication problems and never fully recover. To address the need for studies improving long-term outcomes in aphasia, the Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR), funded for just under four years at the time of this application, has made great progress towards understanding the mechanisms that promote spontaneous and therapy-induced recovery in aphasia. The overarching goal of the research proposed in this renewal application is to maintain our focus on aphasia therapy. Specifically, during the next funding phase, the focus of C-STAR is to improve access to aphasia therapy, enhance the effect of behavioral aphasia therapy to promote an improved aphasia therapy outcome, and understand overall health and neurolinguistic factors that influence aphasia recovery. To accomplish our research goals, this project will continue to rely on collaboration among five main investigators: Drs. Julius Fridriksson, Argye Hillis, Leonardo Bonilha, Chris Rorden, and Greg Hickok. Projects led by Fridriksson (chronic patients) and Hillis (acute patients) will continue to focus on factors that may promote improved outcome of aphasia therapy. Both projects have proven successful in yielding a vast, unique dataset including measures of brain status and response to aphasia therapy. Relying on this dataset, Bonilha and Rorden’s project will focus on the relationship between brain health and recovery from aphasia, whereas Hickok will utilize the same data to better understand aphasic impairment in relation to aphasia therapy success as well as new neurolinguistic models of speech and language processing.

摘要：总体部分 中风是美国成人残疾的主要原因，使其成为主要的公共卫生问题 (1)。 大约四分之一的慢性中风幸存者患有失语症，这是一种由以下原因引起的语言障碍： 大脑言语和语言区域受损 (3, 4)。在最近发表的一份报告中，西蒙斯-麦基 (1) 估计北美目前有超过 200 万人患有失语症。中风通常是 被认为影响老年人；然而，年轻人中风的发病率一直在稳步上升 增加（2）。事实上，南卡罗来纳州至少一半的中风患者年龄在 60 岁以下 （2）。失语症的严重程度各不相同，从非常严重的损伤到使患者变得沉默和没有语言能力。 理解他人言语的能力，以较温和的形式，患者很难检索特定的内容 字。在中风的慢性阶段，失语症已被确定为不良语言质量的最强预测因素。 生活。失语症不仅影响与家人和朋友沟通的能力，而且严重影响 减少教育和就业机会。虽然可以在一定程度上自行恢复 失语症在中风后的最初几周和几个月内是典型的，许多患者留下了毁灭性的打击。 沟通问题并且永远无法完全恢复。 为了满足改善失语症长期结果的研究需求，失语症研究中心 Recovery (C-STAR) 在提出本申请时资助了不到四年，已取得了巨大进展 旨在了解促进失语症自发恢复和治疗诱导恢复的机制。 本次更新申请中提出的研究的总体目标是保持我们对失语症的关注 治疗。具体来说，在下一个资助阶段，C-STAR 的重点是改善失语症患者的治疗机会 疗法，增强行为失语症治疗的效果，以促进失语症治疗结果的改善， 并了解影响失语症恢复的整体健康状况和神经语言因素。 为了实现我们的研究目标，该项目将继续依赖五个主要机构之间的合作 研究人员：博士。朱利叶斯·弗里德里克森、阿吉·希利斯、莱昂纳多·博尼利亚、克里斯·罗登和格雷格·希科克。项目 由 Fridriksson（慢性患者）和 Hillis（急性患者）领导的研究小组将继续关注可能会影响患者健康的因素。 促进失语症治疗效果的改善。事实证明，这两个项目都成功地产生了巨大的、独特的 数据集包括大脑状态的测量和失语症治疗的反应。 Bonilha 依靠这个数据集 罗登的项目将重点关注大脑健康与失语症康复之间的关系，而 希科克将利用相同的数据来更好地了解与失语症治疗相关的失语症障碍 成功以及语音和语言处理的新神经语言学模型。