Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR)

总结：总体部分 中风是美国成人残疾的主要原因，使其成为一个主要的公共卫生问题（1）。 大约有四分之一的慢性中风幸存者患有失语症，这是一种语言障碍， 损害大脑的言语和语言区域（3，4）。在最近发表的一份报告中，西蒙斯-麦基（Simmons-Mackie） (1)据估计，目前北美有超过200万人患有失语症。中风是典型的 被认为影响老年人;然而，年轻人中风的发病率一直在稳步上升。 增加（2）。事实上，在南卡罗来纳州，至少有一半的中风患者年龄在60岁以下 （二）.失语症的严重程度可以从非常严重的损害，使患者沉默，没有 理解他人言语的能力，到患者很难检索特定语言的温和形式， 话在中风的慢性阶段，失语症已被确定为最强的预测质量差， 生活失语症不仅影响与家人和朋友沟通的能力， 减少教育和就业机会。虽然某种程度的自发恢复， 失语症在中风后的最初几周和几个月是典型的，许多患者留下了毁灭性的记忆。 沟通问题，永远无法完全恢复。 为了满足研究改善失语症长期预后的需要，失语症研究中心 恢复（C-STAR），在本申请时资助了不到四年，取得了很大的进展 对理解机制，促进自发和治疗引起的失语症的恢复。 这项更新申请中提出的研究的首要目标是保持我们对失语症的关注 疗法具体来说，在下一个资助阶段，C-STAR的重点是改善失语症的获得 治疗，增强行为失语症治疗的效果，促进失语症治疗效果的改善， 了解影响失语症康复的整体健康和神经语言学因素。 为了实现我们的研究目标，该项目将继续依赖于五个主要合作伙伴之间的合作。 研究人员：Julius Fridriksson、Argye Hillis、列奥纳多Bonilha、Chris Rorden和Greg Hickok博士。项目 由Fridriksson（慢性患者）和Hillis（急性患者）领导的研究将继续关注可能 促进失语症治疗效果的改善。这两个项目都被证明是成功的， 数据集包括大脑状态和对失语症治疗的反应的测量。根据这个数据集，Bonilha 和Rorden的项目将集中在大脑健康和失语症恢复之间的关系，而 希考克将利用相同的数据，以更好地了解失语症的损害与失语症治疗 成功以及新的语音和语言处理的神经语言学模型。

Summary: Overall section Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the United States, making it a major public health concern (1). Approximately a quarter of all chronic stroke survivors present with aphasia, a language disorder caused by damage to the speech and language areas of the brain (3, 4). In a recently published report, Simmons-Mackie (1) estimates that over two million people in North America are currently living with aphasia. Stroke is typically thought to affect older persons; however, the incidence of stroke in younger individuals has been steadily increasing (2). In fact, at least half of all stroke patients in the state of South Carolina are under the age of 60 (2). Aphasia can vary in severity from very profound impairment that renders patients mute and without the ability to understand others’ speech, to milder forms where patients have great difficulty retrieving specific words. In the chronic stage of stroke, aphasia has been identified as the strongest predictor of poor quality of life. Aphasia not only influences the ability to communicate with family and friends, but also drastically decreases education and employment opportunities. Although some degree of spontaneous recovery from aphasia is typical in the first weeks and months following stroke, many patients are left with devastating communication problems and never fully recover. To address the need for studies improving long-term outcomes in aphasia, the Center for the Study of Aphasia Recovery (C-STAR), funded for just under four years at the time of this application, has made great progress towards understanding the mechanisms that promote spontaneous and therapy-induced recovery in aphasia. The overarching goal of the research proposed in this renewal application is to maintain our focus on aphasia therapy. Specifically, during the next funding phase, the focus of C-STAR is to improve access to aphasia therapy, enhance the effect of behavioral aphasia therapy to promote an improved aphasia therapy outcome, and understand overall health and neurolinguistic factors that influence aphasia recovery. To accomplish our research goals, this project will continue to rely on collaboration among five main investigators: Drs. Julius Fridriksson, Argye Hillis, Leonardo Bonilha, Chris Rorden, and Greg Hickok. Projects led by Fridriksson (chronic patients) and Hillis (acute patients) will continue to focus on factors that may promote improved outcome of aphasia therapy. Both projects have proven successful in yielding a vast, unique dataset including measures of brain status and response to aphasia therapy. Relying on this dataset, Bonilha and Rorden’s project will focus on the relationship between brain health and recovery from aphasia, whereas Hickok will utilize the same data to better understand aphasic impairment in relation to aphasia therapy success as well as new neurolinguistic models of speech and language processing.