Mechanisms and developmental functions of cytoplasmic flows in early embryogenesis
Mechanisms and developmental functions of cytoplasmic flows in early embryogenesis
批准号:
10297436
负责人:
Stefano Di Talia
金额:
$30.13万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2021
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2021-09-20 至 2025-08-31
关键词:
ActomyosinAddressAffectAnteriorApicalBiochemicalBiologicalBiological ProcessBiophysicsBlastodermCDC2 geneCell CycleCell Cycle RegulationCell NucleusCellsCharacteristicsChemical ModelsComplexComputing MethodologiesCouplingCullin 5 ProteinCytoplasmCytoplasmic streamingCytoskeletonCytosolDataDevelopmentDiffusionDrosophila genusEmbryoEmbryonic DevelopmentEnsureEpithelialEventFeedbackFertilizationGelGenerationsGenesGeneticGenetic DiseasesGeometryGiant CellsGoalsHumanLeadLinkLiquid substanceLocationMammalsMeasuresMechanicsMethodologyMethodsMitoticModelingMolecularMorphogenesisNatureNormal CellNuclearOutcomePatternPlayPositioning AttributeProcessPropertyProtein phosphataseProteinsRoleSignal TransductionSystemTemperatureTestingTimeTissuesTransgenic OrganismsWorkbiological systemsbiophysical modelblastomere structureconstrictionexperimental studyin vivoinsightmathematical modelmorphogensmutantnoveloptogeneticsorgan growthphysical processphysical propertyprogramsquantitative imagingspatiotemporalubiquitin ligase
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Abstract
The integration of biochemical and mechanical signals is an important and ubiquitous feature of biological
systems. During embryonic development, this integration is required for complex tissue organization and
function. We have recently shown that during the early, pre-blastoderm stages of Drosophila embryogenesis the
integrated activities of the cell cycle oscillator and actomyosin contractility generate a self-organized mechanism
of nuclear positioning which is essential for synchronization of the cell cycle. At the core of this mechanism are
cytoplasmic flows that are initiated by cortical contractions. These, in turn, are linked spatiotemporally to the
oscillation of mitotic Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). These flows are able
to transport nuclei and are responsible for their accurate positioning across the embryo. The goal of this proposal
is to build on these novel findings and to understand more deeply the mechanisms and developmental functions
of cytoplasmic flows. We will take three approaches to address these fundamental questions. 1. We will build a
biophysical model that captures the coupling of biochemical and mechanical signals and the effective physical
properties of the cytoplasm. The coupling between the cytoskeleton and the cytosol will be modeled by a two-
fluid model: an active contractile gel and a viscous cytosol. 2. We will use genetic and optogenetics approaches
to alter cortical contractility as well as transgenic approaches to change the geometry of the embryo and a novel
setup to control temperature. These experiments will provide a novel paradigm for understanding the molecular
mechanisms underlying the generation and the properties of cytoplasmic flows. 3. We will test whether
cytoplasmic flows play a role in the formation of morphogen gradients. Specifically, we will use quantitative
imaging and mathematical modeling to determine whether cytoplasmic flows affect the formation of the anterior-
posterior gradient of Bicoid morphogen in the syncytial Drosophila embryo. Taken together these studies will
provide a new paradigm for the integration of biochemical and mechanical signals that is likely to have general
relevance for other developmental systems.
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Mechanisms and developmental functions of cytoplasmic flows in early embryogenesis
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批准号:10796050
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$20.6万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms and developmental functions of cytoplasmic flows in early embryogenesis
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批准号:10491186
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.89万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Stefano Di Talia
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依托单位:
LIVE IMAGING OF BONE REGENERATION IN ZEBRAFISH
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批准号:10543896
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$6.74万
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财政年份:2020
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负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
LIVE IMAGING OF BONE REGENERATION IN ZEBRAFISH
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批准号:10549315
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$52.04万
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财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
LIVE IMAGING OF BONE REGENERATION IN ZEBRAFISH
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批准号:10324550
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$51.52万
-
财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
LIVE IMAGING OF BONE REGENERATION IN ZEBRAFISH
-
批准号:10754310
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$6.74万
-
财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
LIVE IMAGING OF BONE REGENERATION IN ZEBRAFISH
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批准号:10414209
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$3.18万
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财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
Time-keeping mechanisms of embryonic cell cycles
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批准号:9287251
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$32.53万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:Stefano Di Talia
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依托单位:
Time-keeping mechanisms of embryonic cell cycles
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批准号:10603282
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$34.23万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:Stefano Di Talia
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依托单位:
Time-keeping Mechanisms in Drosophila Embryonic Development
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批准号:8839511
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$24.9万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Stefano Di Talia
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依托单位:
Time-keeping mechanisms in Drosophila embryonic development
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批准号:8424355
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$9.69万
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财政年份:2013
-
负责人:Stefano Di Talia
-
依托单位:
海外基金