Time Use Data for Health and Well-Being

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Project Summary/Abstract Understanding time use is essential for population health and well-being. This proposal seeks continued funding for the Time Use Data for Health and Well-Being Project to expand and enrich IPUMS Time Use. IPUMS Time Use delivers harmonized time diary data from 19 countries spanning Europe, Asia, and North America, allowing consistent analysis of variation in time use over time and space. IPUMS Time Use data are available via three integrated databases: (1) ATUS-X integrates the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), which consists of one-day time diary interviews with nearly 10,000 individuals aged 15 and older per year; (2) AHTUS-X harmonizes the ATUS with historical American time use data from 1930 to 1998; and (3) MTUS-X delivers 84 harmonized time diary datasets from 19 countries. These databases are optimized for cross-time and cross-country analyses, eliminating the need for investigators to acquire source data from original data producers, download and manage complex multi-level hierarchical data, and navigate differences in data structures, variable names, and coding schemes. By freely disseminating time diary data from around the world, IPUMS Time Use engenders timely and impactful research on time use and the health and well-being of the U.S. and global population. The proposed project will further improve this crucial resource for pathbreaking research in four ways: (1) Data acquisition: The team will obtain and preserve time diary microdata from across the developed world, including the newest time diary microdata available. We will build on our team's work in this area and leverage existing relationships with data producers. (2) Database expansion: This project phase will add five new years of ATUS data (2022 to 2026) to ATUS-X, including data from the 2021 Well-Being, 2022-23 Eating and Health, and 2024 Leave and Job Flexibilities Modules; expand AHTUS-X by adding ATUS data through 2026 and 1936 time diary data from women in New York; and extend the temporal and geographic coverage of MTUS-X by incorporating new data for 19 countries currently in the database and adding three waves of data from Belgium. These additions will add nearly 200,000 people and 4.5 million activities to the database. (3) Data, metadata, and infrastructure improvement: Improvements will enhance research opportunities, reproducibility, and rigor: (a) constructing new harmonized well-being, occupation, industry, geographic, health, and day and sleep quality measures; (b) building a user-facing Application Programming Interface (API) that allows researchers to have programmatic access to all IPUMS Time Use data and metadata; (c) enhancing online analysis capabilities by fully integrating user-created datasets and cloud-based analyses; and (d) developing a powerful interactive tool to illustrate possible linkages between ATUS and the Current Population Survey. (4) Expanding and supporting the research community: Through robust user support, outreach, and training, the project will reach new, underrepresented, and early career scholars across disciplines and train them to use time diary data.