Adolescent health at the intersections of sexual, gender, racial/ethnic, immigrant identities and native language: a supplementary study of HIV/AIDS preventive behaviors

性、性别、种族/族裔、移民身份和母语交叉点的青少年健康：艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防行为的补充研究

• 批准号: 10450345
• 负责人: Marla E. Eisenberg
• 金额: $ 35.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-05 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10450345
• 关键词: 19 year old; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Academy; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Attitude; Behavior; Characteristics; Color; Communities; Consensus; Development; Disadvantaged; Eligibility Determination; Engineering; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Federal Government; Feeling; Gays; Gender; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV/STD; Health; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Immigrant; Immigration; Individual; Inequality; Infection; Intervention; Interview; Language; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Medicine; Methods; Minority Groups; Outcome; Parents; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Production; RQ2; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Safety; Schools; Sex Orientation; Sexual Health; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual and Gender Minority Youth; Social Identification; Social status; Structure; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; United States; United States National Academy of Sciences; Work; Youth; adolescent health; base; black men; cisgender; design; ethnic diversity; experience; family support; health disparity; high risk sexual behavior; interest; intersectionality; male; minority communities; novel; peer; pre-exposure prophylaxis; protective factors; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racism; social; social factors; social stigma; social structure

Project Summary Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations, including adolescents, are at disproportionate risk of HIV/AIDS infection compared to their straight, cisgender peers. SGM youth, however, are not a homogenous population; each has multiple social identities that affect how they are viewed in the world and the risk and protection they experience. Intersectionality refers to ways in which power and privilege are structured based on interrelated social positions (e.g. due to race/ethnicity, immigrant status, native language) and how individual experiences reflect processes that confer privilege and disadvantage. Mutually constitutive forms of social oppression (e.g., stigma simultaneously based on race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation) may differentially affect the HIV prevention and treatment of SGM people with multiple marginalized social positions. Living within these intersecting social positions may give rise to unique challenges as well as strengths that promote healthy development. The 2021 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consensus study report highlights the need for sexual health research focused on STIs and HIV using an intersectionality framework to inform prevention and intervention efforts, including for youth with marginalized social positions. Building on literature revealing HIV disparities adversely and disproportionately affecting youth, SGM and racially/ethnically diverse communities, the proposed supplement will expand our existing R01 to address the following HIV/AIDS- specific research questions regarding SGM adolescents (13-19 years old): 1) What are differences in HIV testing, HIV status, PrEP experience and attitudes, and high-risk sexual behaviors among youth with different social positions (i.e. racial/ethnic groups, immigrant experiences, and native language)? 2) How do differences in protective factors and other characteristics explain differences in these outcomes among youth with different social positions? and 3) What positive and negative experiences are particularly relevant to the overlapping, simultaneous production of inequalities by SGM identity, race/ethnicity, immigration experiences, and native language? We will answer these questions through two study aims: First, conduct analysis of the 2022 wave of the LGBTQ National Teen Survey (expected N~17,000) to investigate disparities in HIV/AIDS-preventive behaviors, risk, and protective factors among adolescents with intersecting social positions. We will test multiple hypotheses using novel methods designed for studies grounded in an intersectional framework. Second, conduct qualitative interviews with 24-32 SGM youth from different social positions to more deeply understand quantitative findings and generate concrete, valid intervention recommendations. Interviews will focus on exploring how experiences of stigma affect HIV preventive behaviors and what supports youth describe as protective against HIV/AIDS risk. Qualitative findings will provide critical information on assets for the most vulnerable SGM youth and how they can be bolstered for other young people.

项目概要 包括青少年在内的性少数群体 (SGM) 面临着不成比例的风险 与异性恋、顺性别同龄人相比，艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染情况。然而，SGM的青年并不是一个单一的群体 人口;每个人都有多重社会身份，这些身份会影响他们在世界上的形象以及风险和风险 他们所经历的保护。交叉性是指权力和特权的构建方式 相互关联的社会地位（例如，由于种族/民族、移民身份、母语）以及如何 个人经历反映了赋予特权和劣势的过程。相互构成的形式 社会压迫（例如，同时基于种族/民族、性别和性取向的耻辱）可能 对具有多重边缘化社会地位的SGM人群的HIV预防和治疗产生不同的影响。 生活在这些交叉的社会地位中可能会带来独特的挑战和优势， 促进健康发展。 2021 年美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院共识研究报告亮点 需要利用交叉框架来关注性传播感染和艾滋病毒的性健康研究 预防和干预工作，包括针对社会地位边缘化的青年。以文学为基础 揭示艾滋病毒差异对青年、SGM 和种族/民族多元化产生不利和不成比例的影响 社区，拟议的补充将扩大我们现有的 R01，以解决以下艾滋病毒/艾滋病问题： 关于 SGM 青少年（13-19 岁）的具体研究问题： 1) HIV 感染有何差异 不同年龄阶段青少年的检测、HIV 状况、PrEP 经验和态度以及高危性行为 社会地位（即种族/族裔群体、移民经历和母语）？ 2）差异如何体现 保护因素和其他特征解释了不同年龄的青少年之间这些结果的差异 社会地位？ 3）哪些积极和消极的经历与重叠特别相关， SGM身份、种族/族裔、移民经历和本土身份同时产生不平等 语言？我们将通过两个研究目标来回答这些问题：一是对2022浪潮进行分析 LGBTQ 全国青少年调查（预计 N~17,000 人）调查艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防方面的差异 具有交叉社会地位的青少年的行为、风险和保护因素。我们将测试 使用专为基于交叉框架的研究而设计的新颖方法提出多种假设。 二、对24-32位SGM不同社会岗位的青年进行更深入的定性访谈 了解定量结果并提出具体、有效的干预建议。面试将 重点探讨耻辱经历如何影响艾滋病毒预防行为以及什么支持年轻人 描述为预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险。定性调查结果将为资产提供重要信息 最弱势的SGM青少年，以及如何为其他青少年提供支持。