Sexual dimorphic circuits in photoperiodic encoding and photic processing

光周期编码和光处理中的性二态电路

• 批准号: 10453950
• 负责人: Jennifer Anne Evans
• 金额: $ 41.92万
• 依托单位: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10453950
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; American; Area; Arrhythmia; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Biological Testing; Brain; Cells; Chlorides; Computer Analysis; Data; Desire for food; Disease; Down-Regulation; Exclusion; Female; Foundations; Health; Jet Lag Syndrome; Justice; Light; Link; Mediating; Metabolism; Moods; Mus; Nervous System Physiology; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Photoperiod; Photosensitivity; Physiological; Physiology; Process; Property; Recovery; Relapse; Reporter; Research; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Risk; Sex Differences; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Stimulus; Structure; Test Result; Testing; Time; Woman; Work; base; behavioral response; biological sex; cell type; cellular imaging; circadian; combat; day length; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; gender disparity; immune function; insight; male; men; molecular clock; neural circuit; neuroadaptation; neurobiological mechanism; neuromechanism; novel; optogenetics; photoperiodicity; response; sex; sexual dimorphism; shift work; suprachiasmatic nucleus; symporter

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Light regulates neurological function through circuits that remain poorly defined, and there remains a significant unmet need in understanding photic plasticity in the brain of both sexes. For example, seasonal changes in day length (i.e., photoperiod) modulate sleep, attention, appetite, metabolism, mood, and immune function occur in a large number of people, with up to 80% being women. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) drives circadian and photoperiodic responses to light, but there is a large gap in our understanding of sex differences in SCN photic and photoperiodic processing. Our preliminary data indicate that circadian and photoperiodic responses differ by sex, with females display larger behavioral responses to light mediated by divergent SCN circuits. Based on these data, we propose the central hypothesis that photic processing differs between males and females because the retina-SCN circuit is sexual dimorphic. We will test that biological sex influences cellular responses to light (Aim1), photoperiodic responses to day length (Aim2), and neural adaptations in SCN circuits (Aim3). These studies will benefit from the collective expertise of this collaborative research team, which specializes in retinal physiology, SCN network properties, cellular imaging, and computational analyses. Independent of sex differences, successful completion of these studies will provide novel insights into neural mechanisms of photic processing and photoperiodic encoding to advance understanding in both sexes. Further, this work is expected to provide information that will be critical to better understanding diseases incurred by other forms of light-induced disruption (e.g., shiftwork, jetlag).

项目概要/摘要 光通过仍然不明确的电路调节神经功能，并且仍然存在显着的影响 了解两性大脑中的光可塑性的需求尚未得到满足。例如，季节变化 日长（即光周期）调节睡眠、注意力、食欲、新陈代谢、情绪和免疫功能 发生率较高，其中女性占 80%。视交叉上核 (SCN) 驱动 昼夜节律和光周期对光的反应，但我们对性别差异的理解存在很大差距 SCN 光和光周期处理。我们的初步数据表明昼夜节律和光周期 反应因性别而异，女性对由不同 SCN 介导的光表现出更大的行为反应 电路。基于这些数据，我们提出了中心假设：男性之间的光处理存在差异 和女性，因为视网膜-SCN 回路是性别二态性的。我们将测试生物性别的影响 细胞对光的反应（Aim1）、光周期对日长的反应（Aim2）以及神经适应 SCN 电路（目标 3）。这些研究将受益于该合作研究团队的集体专业知识， 专门研究视网膜生理学、SCN 网络特性、细胞成像和计算分析。 独立于性别差异，成功完成这些研究将为神经系统提供新的见解 光处理和光周期编码机制，以促进两性的理解。 此外，这项工作预计将提供对于更好地了解疾病至关重要的信息 由其他形式的光引起的干扰（例如轮班、时差）引起的。